U.S.-UK Cooperative Research: Investigation of Dense Z-Pinch and X-Pinch Plasmas Using Time Revolving Optical Diagnostics

该奖项将支持合作研究， 康奈尔大学的大卫·哈默和马尔科姆·海恩斯博士， 英国伦敦帝国理工学院等离子体物理组。 拟议项目的目标是开展一项 一系列实验，旨在确定 在密集z箍缩和x箍缩中作为时间函数的细节 等离子 这样的等离子体是通过首先使用初始的 来自亚微秒“脉冲功率”的部分电流 发电机爆炸细电线（0.0025-0.025厘米。直径）， 然后磁性地“挤压”所产生的等离子体， 非常小的直径， 电流 这些实验将在帝国理工学院进行 因为那里有一套独特的 先进的光电诊断仪器 与几种脉冲功率设备中的任何一种。 将 可能获得时间和空间分辨的测量， z箍缩和x箍缩等离子体密度，电离状态， 内爆速度，X射线的位置和持续时间 亮点，使用x射线和可见光敏感 增强型图像转换器“条纹”和“取景”相机 纳秒分辨率，纳秒脉冲激光， 各种可见光和X射线光谱仪器。的 该项目的最终目标是实现一个更好的 对密集z箍缩和x箍缩动力学的理解 等离子体，使应用到X射线光刻，泵浦 短波长激光和可控核聚变 自信地评价。 该项目将受益于 两名调查员在天然气方面的专长互补 捏和激光等离子体研究。

This award will support collaborative research between David Hammer, Cornell University, and Dr. Malcolm Haines, Plasma Physics Group, Imperial College, London, England. The objective of the proposed project is to carry out a series of experiments designed to determine conditions in detail as a function of time in dense z-pinch and x-pinch plasmas. Such plasmas are produced by first using the initial portion of the current from submicrosecond "pulsed power" generators to explode fine wires (0.0025-0.025 cm. diameter), and then magnetically "pinching" the resulting plasma to very small diameters with the field produced by the peak current. These experiments will be performed at Imperial College because of the availability there of a unique set of advanced electro-optical diagnostic instruments for use with any of several pulsed power devices. It will be possible to obtain time and space-resolved measurements of z-pinch and x-pinch plasma densities, ionization states, implosion speeds, and locations and durations of x-ray bright spots, using x-ray and visible light-sensitive intensified image converter "streak" and "framing" cameras with nanosecond resolution, nanosecond pulsed lasers, and a variety of visible and x-ray spectroscopic instruments. The ultimate goal of this project is to achieve an improved understanding of the dynamics of dense z- and x-pinch plasmas, so that applications to x-ray lithography, pumping short wavelength lasers and controlled fusion might be confidently evaluated. This project will benefit from the complementary expertise of the two investigators in gas pinches and laser plasma research.