U.S.-Japan Cooperative Research: Field Tests of Interspecific Competition in Stream Salmonid Guilds in Japanand the U.S.

美日合作研究：日本和美国溪流鲑鱼行业种间竞争的现场测试

• 批准号: 9016512
• 负责人: Kurt Fausch
• 金额: $ 3.56万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-04-01 至 1994-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9016512&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; Japan; Cooperative; Research; Field

This award provides support for a two year cooperative research project between Professor Kurt Fausch, Department of Fishery and Wildlife Biology, Colorado State University, and Dr Hiroya Kawanabe, Department of Zoology, Kyoto University, Japan. This project is aimed at increasing our understanding of the roles of biotic interactions and environmental factors in shaping longitudinal distributions of salmonid guilds in mountain streams. Ecologists have long sought to understand the relative roles of biotic and abiotic factors in shaping animal communities by investigating distributions of species along altitudinal gradients where environmental features and species composition change over short distances. A frequent finding is that congeneric species, which are assumed to compete strongly, occupy different positions along the gradient and overlap little. Furthermore , the distribu- tion of one or both species is usually expanded in locations where its congener is absent versus those where it is present. The objective of this research is to experimentally test whether interspecific interference competition is an important mechanism in determining the relative success of two congeners, the Japanese charr and the Dolly Varden charr, in the altitudinal zone where they are sympatric, in the Hidaka Mountains of Hokkaido, Japan. Both Professor Fausch and Dr Kawanabe are leading experts in their fields and their strengths are complementary. The project will give Professor Fausch the opportunity to undertake research in a relatively undisturbed community, and the Japanese methods of 3-dimensional mapping of positions should yield a more precise examination of interactions and displacements than generally encountered. The results of this research should provide a better understanding of the ecology of stream salmonids and animal communities in general. Stream salmonids are an economically important species and any increase in knowledge of their ecology should permit better management of streams that support them.

该奖项为一个为期两年的合作社提供支持 Kurt Fausch教授， 渔业和野生动物生物学，科罗拉多州立大学， 京都大学动物学系川边弘也博士 日本 这个项目旨在增加我们对 生物相互作用和环境 影响鲑科鱼类纵向分布的因素 山涧中的行会。 长期以来，生态学家一直在寻求 了解生物和非生物因素的相对作用 通过调查分布来塑造动物群落 沿着海拔梯度的物种， 特征和物种组成在短距离内发生变化。 一个常见的发现是， 假设竞争激烈，占据沿着不同的位置 梯度和重叠很小。 此外，分布- 一个或两个物种的繁殖通常在不同的地点进行 没有同类物质的地方和有同类物质的地方 礼物 本研究的目的是通过实验 测试种间干扰竞争是否 决定相对成功的重要机制 两种同源物日本红点鲑和多莉瓦登红点鲑 在同域分布的垂直地带， 日本北海道的日高山脉。 Fausch教授和Kawanabe博士是 它们的领域和优势是互补的。 的 该项目将使Fausch教授有机会 在相对不受干扰的社区进行研究， 日本的三维定位方法 应该产生更精确的相互作用检查， 比一般遇到的位移。 的结果 这项研究应该提供一个更好的理解， 河流鲑鱼和动物群落的生态学 将军 溪流鲑鱼是一种经济上重要的 物种及其生态学知识的任何增加都应 允许更好地管理支持它们的流。