Low-Frequency Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

宇宙微波背景辐射的低频测量

• 批准号: 9018395
• 负责人: George Smoot
• 金额: $ 30.15万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-01-01 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9018395&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Low; Frequency; Measurements; Cosmic; Microwave

This project will make cosmological measurements of two distinctly different types. 1. The experimenters will make cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) measurements of the absolute brightness of the sky above South Pole at three frequencies, 1.0, 1.5 and 7.5 GHz. Similar measurements were made at the higher two frequencies from Pole in 1989, but the 1.0 GHz radiometer is new. The purpose is to determine if there are deviations from the CMBR temperature of 2.735 K which has been measured at higher frequencies, most notably by the new NASA satellite Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE). Deviations, at different wavelengths, from the 2.736 K figure would indicate that there has been an input of significant energy into the universe since the time of the big bang. 2. They will attempt to measure microwave radiation coming upwards from the polar ice sheet, which is over two kilometers thick at South Pole. It has been hypothesized that extremely energetic neutrinos that have passed entirely through the Earth can interact in the ice, or rocks just below, and cause a electromagnetic shower that could result in detectable radio emissions. If this is true, then the polar ice sheet could be used as a vast detector for the new field of neutrino astronomy. This project is jointly funded by the Divisions of Polar Programs and Astronomy.

该项目将对两种截然不同的类型进行宇宙学测量。 1。实验者将在三个频率1.0、1.5和7.5 GHz的宇宙微波背景辐射（CMBR）测量南极上方的绝对亮度。 1989年，在极点的高两个频率上进行了类似的测量，但是1.0 GHz辐射计为新的。 目的是确定在较高频率下测量的CMBR温度是否存在偏差，最著名的是新的NASA卫星宇宙背景资源Explorer（Cobe）。 在不同波长的偏差与2.736 k的数字相比，将表明自大爆炸时期以来，宇宙已经有重要的能量输入。 2。他们将尝试测量从极地冰盖上向上的微波辐射，该冰盖在南极厚度超过两公里。 已经假设，完全通过地球经过的极能量的中微子可以在冰上相互作用，或者在下方的岩石中相互作用，并引起电磁淋浴，可能导致可检测到的无线电排放。 如果这是真的，那么极地冰盖可以用作新的中微子天文学领域的巨大探测器。 该项目由极地计划和天文学的划分共同资助。