Numerical Competence in the Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)

黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）的数字能力

• 批准号: 9022355
• 负责人: Sarah Boysen
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-03-01 至 1993-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9022355&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Numerical; Competence; Chimpanzee; Pan; troglodytes

Chimpanzees are well known to be our closest non-human relatives, but the surprising extent to which they share cognitive abilities with human beings is still being discovered. Drs. Boysen and Berntson are investigating the numerical competence of chimpanzees. Their studies should contribute to our understanding of the similarities and differences in cognitive capabilities across species and toward clarifying those processes that may support numerical skills in non-human primates. Besides these contributions to basic scientific knowledge, these studies may yield sharper tests for and understanding of numerical competence in children and, more generally, provide a better understanding of non-verbal intelligence. Thus, the present project may provide insights into the cognitive abilities of language-impaired or otherwise developmentally-challenged children. Experiments will examine the manipulation of numerical symbols, the emergence of counting skills, and the representational nature of number symbols. Training methods previously developed will be extended to increase the range and functional significance of number use by three young-adult chimpanzees, and to examine features of summation and subtraction using arrays containing both symbols and objects. The emergence of counting skills will also be examined in an adult and an infant chimpanzee, including an analysis of ability to recognize the position within the series from 1 to 7 of two quantities (3, 6) that have not previously been paired with arrays of objects. The contribution of abstract symbol use will be further examined in a study of food sharing that employs Arabic numerals and arrays of objects in a social, cooperative context. A final study will investigate the chimpanzees' formation of equivalence sets among categories of numerical stimuli.

众所周知，黑猩猩是我们最亲近的非人类亲戚， 但他们惊人的认知能力 与人类的关系仍在探索中 博伊森博士和 Berntson正在研究 黑猩猩 他们的研究应该有助于我们 认知的异同 并致力于澄清这些过程 支持非人类灵长类动物的数字技能。 除了 这些对基础科学知识的贡献，这些研究 可能会产生更尖锐的测试和理解的数字 儿童的能力，更广泛地说，提供更好的 对非语言智力的理解。 因此本 该项目可能会提供对认知能力的见解， 语言障碍或其他发育障碍 孩子 实验将检查数字符号的操作， 计数技巧的出现，以及 数字符号。 以前制定的培训方法将 扩展，以增加范围和功能意义 三只成年黑猩猩使用数字， 使用数组的求和和减法的特性， 符号和物体。 计数技能的出现将 也可以在成年和幼年黑猩猩中进行检查，包括 分析了认识内部职位的能力 从1到7的两个量（3，6）的系列，它们没有 以前与对象数组配对。 的贡献 抽象符号的使用将进一步研究， 使用阿拉伯数字和物体阵列的食物分享 in a social社会，cooperative合作context上下文. 最后一项研究将调查 黑猩猩范畴间等价集的形成 数字刺激。