Damped, Driven Oscillations on a Linear Air Track - An Introduction to Resonance for Freshman and Sophomore Students in Experimental Physics

将开展一项实验，使学生， 尤其是物理专业的学生， 中级和高级水平的共振过程， 提供简单共振系统的经验， 实验物理学的入门课程。 系统 被研究的是经典的阻尼，驱动谐波 振荡器：一个质量和弹簧系统， 外部阻尼力和周期性驱动力。 的 所需的设备包括一个线性空气轨道系统， 特别设计的扬声器和正弦波 发生器/放大器。 空气轨道提供了一个几乎 质量弹簧系统在其上的无摩擦表面 振荡。 由正弦波驱动的扬声器 发电机/放大器，提供周期性的驱动力， 频率在0.10-2.00 Hz范围内。 阻尼介绍 通过将陶瓷磁体附接到空气轨道的侧面 滑翔机，产生涡流的轨道作为滑翔机 振荡。 学生将测量免费的时间 质量-弹簧系统的振荡，阻尼时间 常数，和强迫振荡的振幅作为一个 用于改变阻尼量的驱动频率的函数。 所获得的经验将帮助学生将 物理力学中共振的理论处理 课程在先进实验室进行了多项实验 当然，共振过程进行了深入研究。

An experiment will be developed to enable students, especially physics majors, to be better prepared to study resonance processes at the intermediate and advanced levels by providing experience with a simple resonance system as part of an introductory course in experimental physics. The system to be studied is the classical damped, driven harmonic oscillator: a mass and spring system acted upon by an external damping force and a periodic driving force. The equipment required includes a linear air track system, a specially designed loud speaker and a sine wave generator/amplifier. The air track provides a nearly frictionless surface upon which the mass-spring system oscillates. The speaker, driven by the sine wave generator/amplifier, provides a periodic driving force at frequencies in the 0.10-2.00 Hz range. Damping is introduced by attaching ceramic magnets to the sides of the air track glider, producing eddy currents in the track as the glider oscillates. Students will measure the period of free oscillations of the mass-spring system, the damping time constant, and the amplitude of forced oscillations as a function of driving frequency for varying amounts of damping. The experience gained will help students to relate the theoretical treatment of resonance in our physical mechanics course to a number of experiments in the advanced laboratory course, where resonance processes are investigated in depth.