Effects of an Abrupt Soil Change on the Structure, Composition, and Dynamics of a Species-rich Lowland Tropical Forest in Sarawak, Malaysia

土壤突变对马来西亚沙捞越州物种丰富的低地热带森林的结构、组成和动态的影响

• 批准号: 9107247
• 负责人: Peter Ashton
• 金额: $ 12.78万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-09-01 至 1994-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9107247&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Effects; Abrupt; Soil; Change; Structure

Most studies of tropical rain forests have intentionally been conducted on relatively homogeneous sites. However, sudden changes in forest composition, structure, and dynamics can occur with abrupt changes in soils in lowland tropical forests. The importance of such changes and local soil-type heterogeneity for the maintenance of tree species diversity in tropical forests is unknown. A spectacular example is Lambir National Park, Sarawak. This forest, undisturbed by humans, is perhaps the most species- rich tropical forest in Southeast Asia. Establishment of a permanent 50 ha plot is proposed, to straddle a major soil discontinuity at Lambir in order to compare and contrast tree population patterns, and eventually demography and forest dynamics across the soil ecotone. The "source-sink" hypothesis, namely that rare species in the forest on one soil type are sustained by immigration from abundant populations on the other soil type will be also tested initially through comparison of population structure on contrasting soils of species occurring across this ecotone. These tests are important for understanding the specialist vs. generalists strategies of tropical tree species in relation to soils, for the maintenance of rare species in tropical forests, and for the conservation of tropical forest biodiversity. This project is co-sponsored by the Sarawak Forest Department, and by the plant ecology laboratory of Osaka City University. The project will train a new generation of resident and U.S. experts in one of the world's richest floras.

大多数关于热带雨林的研究都有意在相对均匀的地点进行。然而，热带低地森林土壤的突变会导致森林成分、结构和动态的突然变化。这种变化和当地土壤类型异质性对维持热带森林树种多样性的重要性尚不清楚。一个引人注目的例子是沙捞越的兰比尔国家公园。这片未受人类干扰的森林可能是东南亚物种最丰富的热带森林。建议建立一个50公顷的永久地块，跨越Lambir的主要土壤不连续区，以便比较和对比树木的种群模式，并最终在整个土壤过渡带中进行人口统计和森林动态。“源库”假说，即一种土壤类型的森林中的稀有物种是由另一种土壤类型的丰富种群的迁移维持的，也将首先通过比较发生在该过渡带的物种在不同土壤上的种群结构来验证。这些测试对于了解与土壤有关的热带树种的专家与通才策略、热带森林中稀有物种的维持以及热带森林生物多样性的保护都很重要。该项目由砂拉越森林部和大阪城市大学植物生态实验室共同赞助。该项目将培训新一代的当地和美国专家，研究世界上最丰富的植物群之一。