Getting Down to Basics:Using University and Corporate Patents to Identify Basic Inventions and Trace Their Diffusion

脚踏实地：利用大学和企业专利来识别基本发明并追踪其扩散

• 批准号: 9110516
• 负责人: Michael Fogarty
• 金额: $ 7.31万
• 依托单位: Case Western Reserve University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-08-01 至 1992-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9110516&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Getting; Down; Basics; Using; University

It is a widely-held view that the United States remains preeminent in the world in the performance of basic research, but does an inadequate job of commercially exploiting that research. In particular, it is feared that publicly-funded research at universities and other nonprofit institutions is not yielding the highest possible benefits, because of the failure of American firms to commercialize the fruits of that research. This project has two fundamental objectives. One is to develop a methodology for quantifying the "basicness" of inventions, based on the pattern of patent citations. The other is to trace the geographic pattern of diffusion and subsequent commercialization of inventions, particularly basic ones, again using patent citation data. All patents assigned to universities based on applications from the years 1975-1980 will be identified. In addition, samples of U.S. corporate patents will also be identified as a control. The research will test whether university patents are, indeed, more basic than corporate patents according to these measures, and whether patents that are generally basic as measured by their citation patterns are perceived to be basic by people knowledgeable about the research. The citation data will also be used to trace the geographic location of any subsequent commercialization of both university and corporation patents. This research is important because it will provide a better understanding of the process of technological change and diffusion.

人们普遍认为，美国仍然是一个卓越的国家， 在基础研究的表现上， 没有充分利用这项研究成果进行商业开发。 在 特别是，人们担心，公共资助的研究， 大学和其他非营利机构并没有提供 因为美国公司的失败， 将研究成果商业化。 该项目有两个基本目标。 一是发展一个 量化发明“基本性”的方法， 专利引用的模式 另一个是追踪 传播和随后商业化的地理格局 发明，特别是基础发明，再次使用专利引用 数据 根据申请分配给大学的所有专利 1975年至1980年，将确定。 此外，样品 美国公司专利也将被确定为控制。 这项研究将测试大学专利是否真的比 根据这些措施， 无论是专利，一般是基本的衡量， 引文模式被知识渊博的人认为是基本的 关于研究引用数据也将用于跟踪 任何后续商业化的地理位置 大学和公司专利。 这项研究很重要 因为它能让我们更好地理解 技术变革和传播。