Dissertation Research: The Relative Importance of Host Genetics, Host Density, and the Environment to a Natural Plant-pathogen Interaction

论文研究：宿主遗传学、宿主密度和环境对天然植物-病原体相互作用的相对重要性

• 批准号: 9112156
• 负责人: Daniel Dykhuizen
• 金额: $ 0.8万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-11-01 至 1994-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9112156&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Relative; Importance; Host

For many years ecologists have identified pathogens as theoretically important forces influencing basic processes in natural plant populations. These processes include, first, the evolution and/or maintenance by natural selection of sexual reproduction (which provides novel combinations of genes that may enable offspring to resist local pathogens genetically) and, second, the evolution of dispersal by offspring (which may help them physically escape local pathogens). In the first process the pathogen population responds to host plant genetics, while in the second it responds to host plant density. In addition, the pathogen can be expected to respond strongly to its physical and biological environment. This research will determine for one plant-pathogen system which of these three factors or their combinations the pathogen population responds to most strongly. This then sheds light on the actual role the pathogen population is having in the plant population's biology. The plant being studied is the rush, Juncus dichotomous and the pathogen is a parasitic smut fungus, Cintractia junci. These organisms occur together in the Long Island pine barrens. The results of this research directly apply only to nonagricultural plants and pathogens, but its methodology can be a model for applied problems. With increasing public concern about the health and environmental costs of using agricultural pesticides and given the fact that they are not fully effective, detailed population studies on the interaction of pest organisms with crop plants are needed to suggest safe and effective ways of reducing crop losses. Population studies involving pathogens and crops and incorporating genetics, density, and variables together could be very useful. **

多年来，生态学家已经将病原体确定为 理论上重要的力量影响的基本过程， 自然植物种群。 这些过程包括，首先， 进化和/或维持通过自然选择的性 繁殖（提供了新的基因组合， 使后代能够在遗传上抵抗当地病原体）， 第二，后代传播的进化（这可能有助于 它们在物理上逃避当地的病原体）。 在第一工序中 病原体种群对宿主植物遗传学有反应，而在 第二，它对寄主植物密度有反应。 此外该 可以预期病原体对它的物理和 生物环境 这项研究将确定一个 植物-病原体系统，这三个因素或其 病原体群体对这些组合的反应最强烈。 这就揭示了病原体种群在 在植物种群的生物学中所起的作用。 该植物被 研究的是灯心草，灯心草二叉和病原体是一个 寄生黑穗病菌Cintractia junci。 这些有机体发生在 一起在长岛的松林里 这项研究的结果只适用于 非农业植物和病原体，但它的方法可以 应用问题的模型。 随着公众越来越关注 关于使用农业的健康和环境成本 农药，并考虑到它们并不完全有效的事实， 关于有害生物相互作用的详细种群研究 需要提出安全有效的方法， 减少作物损失。 涉及病原体和 作物，并将遗传学，密度和变量结合在一起 可能会非常有用 **