A Study of Behavior and Design of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls With Unsymmetrical Cross-Section

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In seismic design of reinforced concrete structures using shear walls L-shaped or T- shaped walls are often used. The lateral load behavior of these unsymmetrical "flanged walls" is not well understood. No experimental studies have been conducted on unsymmetrical flanged walls with aspect ratios greater than two, and no recommendations exist to provide guidance on appropriate analysis or design procedures. This project involves both analytical and experimental studies of unsymmetrical flanged shear walls. Detailed analytical studies will be conducted on two shear wall dominant buildings in the San Francisco Bay Area with instrumented response data recorded from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake and its aftershocks. The analytical studies are designed to investigate modeling techniques for lateral load response by comparing measured and computed responses. The experimental studies will involve the design, construction, and testing of four specimens with different flanged widths and reinforcing ratios. The specimens will be subjected to reversed cyclic lateral loading and constant axial stress to investigate stiffness, strength, and deformation characteristics of the walls. Detailed analytical studies using nonlinear finite element techniques will be used to evaluate existing analytical models and to develop new analytical models. The objectives of the combined analytical and experimental studies will be to establish guidelines for analytical modeling, proportioning, and detailing of unsymmetrical flanged shear walls for earthquake resistance.