Underground Metabolism and Development: Polyacetylene Biosynthesis in Asteraceae Roots

地下代谢与发育：菊科根中的聚乙炔生物合成

• 批准号: 9118208
• 负责人: Hector Flores
• 金额: $ 12万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-07-01 至 1995-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9118208&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Underground; Metabolism; Development; Polyacetylene; Biosynthesis

The studies proposed here focus on the physiology and biochemistry of the polyacetylenes, fatty acid derivatives which are present mainly in the roots of Asteraceae. Polyacetylenes show a wide range of biological activities (nematicidal, fungicidal and antiviral), and may play an important role in protecting plant roots against challenge from soil pathogens. By transformation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes, we have obtained "hairy roots" cultures of five genera in the Asteraceae. These fast growing roots have shown stable, long-term production of root polyacetylenes and are therefore an ideal experimental system. Using precursor label incorporation, HPLC and GC-MS analysis, and cell-free assays, we propose to establish the pathway for polyacetylene biosynthesis in root cultures. Fungal and nematodal bioassays have been developed, and will be used to monitor the biological activity of the polyacetylenes produced in rootcultures. The de novo formation of polyacetylenes in root cultures can be induced by treatment with fungal elicitors. This approach will be used to identiy the rate-limiting enzymatic steps in polyacetylene biosynthesis, and test the proposed involvement of lipoxygenase. Although roots normally grow heterotrophically both in isolated culture and "in planta", we have found that they can also be grown photosynthetically and photoautotrophically. We will also study the quantitative and qualitative effects of photosynthesis and photoautotrophy on root polyacetylene patterns. ***//

这里提出的研究重点是生理和生物化学 在聚乙炔中，存在的脂肪酸衍生物 主要存在于菊科植物的根部。 聚乙炔显示出广泛的 生物活性范围（杀线虫、杀真菌和 抗病毒），并可能在保护植物方面发挥重要作用 根系抵御土壤病原体的挑战。 通过转化 用发根农杆菌，我们获得了“毛状根” 菊科五个属的文化。 这些快速增长的 根已经显示出稳定的，长期的根生产 聚乙炔，因此是理想的实验系统。 使用前体标记掺入、HPLC和GC-MS分析， 无细胞测定，我们建议建立的途径， 根培养中的聚乙炔生物合成。 真菌和真菌节 生物测定已经开发出来，并将用于监测 根培养中产生的聚乙炔的生物活性。 根培养物中聚乙炔的从头形成可以是 用真菌诱导剂处理诱导。 这种方法将是 用于确定聚乙炔中的限速酶促步骤 生物合成，并测试脂肪氧合酶的参与。 虽然根通常生长异养都在孤立的 文化和“在植物”，我们发现，他们也可以种植 光合作用和光合自养。 我们还将研究 光合作用的定量和定性影响， 光合自养对根系聚乙炔模式的影响。***//