Membranes with Chained Carriers

带有链式载体的膜

• 批准号: 9123837
• 负责人: Edward Cussler
• 金额: $ 28.79万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1996-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9123837&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Membranes; Chained; Carriers

The objective of this proposal is to develop solid membranes for the purposes of separating mixtures of gases and for the transport of metal ions. The proposal extends and builds on research the PI has been undertaking in this area over the past several years, and which has been funded by two NSF grants (CBT-8611646 (1986-1989) and CTS-8912634 (1989-1992)). The most recent grant (CTS-8912634) examined two processes, a separation of ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen, and a separation of copper ion from iron and nickel. The first process was not successful, but high selectivity was obtained for the separation of ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen by using a polyvinylammonium thiocyanate membrane. In a set of careful experiments, the PI demonstrated that the mechanism for this selectivity is the reaction of ammonia with the thiocyanate moiety attached to the polymer backbone. This reaction produces ammonium thiocyanate, a salt in which ammonia is very soluble. Additional ammonia then dissolves in the salt, and diffuses across this membrane through the salt. Unfortunately, the selectivity decreases as the temperature increases (presumably because of the lower solubility of ammonia in the salt), and these membranes are not useful at the high temperatures of industrial interest in ammonia synthesis. The proposal suggests two studies. The first is again an ammonia separation. The PI has begun to investigate persulfonic acid membranes. He has found that these retain a sixty to one selectivity of ammonia to nitrogen at the high temperatures of relevance to ammonia synthesis. The new proposal suggests characterizing the selectivity of these membranes in more detail, and identifying the mechanism of selectivity. The second study is concerned with developing membranes for the selective and rapid transport of lithium ion. Such membranes can play a crucial role in the design of a rechargeable lithium battery.

本提案的目的是开发固体膜 用于分离气体混合物的目的， 金属离子的运输。 该提案扩展并建立在 PI在这一领域的研究一直在进行， 在过去的几年里，这是由两个国家科学基金会资助， 赠款（CBT-8611646（1986-1989年）和CTS-8912634（1989-1992年））。 最近的一次拨款（CTS-8912634）审查了两个过程， 将氨与氢和氮分离，以及 从铁和镍中分离铜离子。 第一 该方法不成功，但获得了高选择性 用于将氨与氢和氮分离， 使用聚乙烯基硫氰酸铵膜。 集合中 仔细的实验，PI证明， 因为这种选择性是氨与 硫氰酸酯部分连接到聚合物主链。 这 反应产生硫氰酸铵，一种盐， 氨的溶解度很高。 然后溶解额外的氨 盐，并通过盐扩散穿过这层膜。 不幸的是，随着温度的升高， 增加（可能是因为较低的溶解度 盐中的氨），并且这些膜在 氨的高温工业利益 合成. 该提案建议进行两项研究。 第一个又是一个 氨分离 私家侦探已经开始调查 过磺酸膜。 他发现这些保留了一个 氨对氮的选择性为60：1， 与氨合成相关的温度。 新 建议描述这些选择性 更详细地了解膜，并确定 选择性 第二项研究涉及发展 用于选择性和快速运输锂的膜 离子。 这种膜可以在设计中发挥至关重要的作用， 一种可充电锂电池。