Study of Ionic Interactions in Seawater

海水中离子相互作用的研究

• 批准号: 9201739
• 负责人: Frank Millero
• 金额: $ 29.64万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-06-01 至 1995-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9201739&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Study; Ionic; Interactions; Seawater

Work is underway to examine how ionic interactions affect the rates of oxidation and reduction of metals and nonmetals in seawater. Measurements of the rates are being made in seawater as a function of pH, salinity, temperature and composition to elucidate the effect of the ionic components of seawater. Studies of the products and intermediates of the reactions will be made (when possible) in an attempt to elucidate the mechanisms of the reactions. Measurements are continuing on the oxidation of H2S with the oxides of Fe(III) and Mn(IV) in seawater as a function of pH, temperature, and salinity. The disappearance of H2S and the appearance of Mn(II) and Fe(II) are being measured. The effect of pH, temperature and salinity on S, HSn, SO32, and S2O32 is being studied The research includes completion of studies on the reduction of Cr(VI) with H2S and the reduction of Cu(II) with H2O2 in natural waters. Measurements of the stability constants of metals with HS will be continued using a square wave polarographic technique developed by Luther (Univ. of Delaware) that senses free HS at nM levels. New thermodynamic modelling will be carried out on the speciation of divalent and trivalent metals, the carbonate system and the state of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in seawater. These studies will hopefully lead to a consistent set of stability constants and Pitzer interaction parameters that can be used to characterize these systems in natural waters.

正在研究离子相互作用如何影响速率 海水中金属和非金属的氧化和还原。 在海水中测量的速率是一个函数， 的pH值，盐度，温度和组成，以阐明 海水离子成分的影响。 的研究 将制备反应的产物和中间体（当 可能），试图阐明的机制， 反应. 正在继续测量氧化物对H2S的氧化作用 海水中的Fe（III）和Mn（IV）作为pH、温度 和盐度。 H2S的消失和 Mn（II）和Fe（II）正在被测量。 pH值的影响， 研究了温度和盐度对S、HSn、SO32和S2O32的影响 这项研究包括完成关于减少 Cr（VI）与H_2S的反应及Cu（II）与H_2O_2的还原反应 沃茨。 用HS法测定金属的稳定常数 将继续使用方波极谱技术 由Luther（特拉华州大学）开发，其在nM处感测游离HS 程度. 新的热力学模型将在物种形成上进行 二价和三价金属，碳酸盐体系和 海水中Fe（II）和Fe（III）的状态。 这些研究将 希望能得到一组一致的稳定常数， 可用于表征的Pitzer相互作用参数 这些系统在自然沃茨。