Collaborative Research: Southern Ocean Iron Experiments (SOFEX)

摘要OCE-9911481、OCE-0000364、OCE-0000365、OCE-0000363、OCE-0000362、OCE-0000361近年来，海洋中溶解铁的研究和开放的结果-海洋富铁实验表明，在高铁含量的沃茨中，浮游植物的生长和生物量受到低浓度有效铁的限制。溶解的硝酸盐浓度和叶绿素的低现存量（“HNLC沃茨”）。 1990年代初，在东赤道太平洋进行了开创性的开放水域铁施肥实验。 从那时起，大量的新证据表明，在南极洲周围广阔的东向流动的南大洋中存在着一个更广泛的、具有全球意义的HNLS区域。在这个项目中，罗格斯大学、俄勒冈州州立大学、迈阿密大学、和拉蒙特-道格拉斯地球观测站将在南极极地锋区（APFZ）以北和以南的南大洋进行一项开放水域铁施肥实验沿着170 'W，该区域的主要营养物含量高，溶解铁浓度极低。 该小组将调查（1）铁在富硅酸盐与贫硅酸盐的HNLC沃茨中对生物泵的作用，（2）铁对主要营养物质差异下降的介导，（3）铁对碳固定的限制和从地表沃茨的输出，（4）对添加铁的生物物理反应，以及（5）铁诱导的碳输出对中层水矿化和反硝化的潜在影响。 驱动这一实地研究的基本假设是，在南大洋的浮游植物生产率和植物生物量的数量在整个亚太渔业区的主要生长季节的离子和硅酸盐的可用性差异有限，并负责持久性的HNLC条件。 这项工作的结果预计将大大有助于我们了解南大洋的重要海洋地球化学过程。 控制新生产率的因素直接关系到全球碳循环、大气二氧化碳浓度和气候控制。这项南大洋铁实验（SOFeX）将在2001-2002年的南半球夏季进行，位于APFZ的北部和南部。

ABSTRACTOCE-9911481, OCE-0000364, OCE-0000365, OCE-0000363, OCE-0000362, OCE-0000361In recent years, studies of dissolved iron in the ocean and the results of open-ocean iron enrichments experiments have demonstrated that the growth and biomass of phytoplankton are limited by low concentrations of available iron in waters characterized by high concentrations of dissolved nitrate and low standing stocks of chlorophyll ("HNLC waters"). The seminal open-water iron fertilization experiments were done in the early 1990's in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. Since that time, abundant new evidence has come to light that an even more extensive, and globally significant, HNLS region exists in the broad eastwardly flowing Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica.In this project, researchers at the Moss Landing Marine Laboratory, Rutgers University, Oregon State University, University of Miami, and Lamont-Dougherty Earth Observatory will perform an open-water iron fertilization experiment in the Southern Ocean in regions just north of and just south of the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone (APFZ) along 170'W, an area characterized by high major nutrients and extremely low dissolved iron concentrations. The team will investigate (1) the role of iron on the biological pump in silicate-rich versus silicate-poor HNLC waters, (2) iron mediation of differential drawdown of major nutrients, (3) iron limitation of carbon fixation and export from surface waters, (4) the biophysical response to added iron, and (5) the potential effect of iron-induced carbon export on midwater remineralization and denitrification. The underlying hypothesis driving this field study is that the rate of phytoplankton production and the quantity of plant biomass in the Southern Ocean are differentially limited across the APFZ by iton and silicate availability during the major growth season and are responsible for the persistence of the HNLC condition. The results of this work are expected to contribute significantly to our understanding of important biogeochemical processes in the Southern Ocean. Factors that control the rate of new production bear directly on the global carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, and climate control.This Southern Ocean Iron Experiment (SOFeX), north and south of the APFZ, will be carried out in a single field expedition in the austral summer of 2001-2002.