Long and Medium-Term Research: Factors Affecting the Adaptation Period Preceding Aerobic Degradation of Chlorinated Benzenes

中长期研究：影响氯化苯好氧降解前适应期的因素

• 批准号: 9202389
• 负责人: Flynn Picardal
• 金额: $ 3.9万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1994-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9202389&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Long; Medium; Term; Research; Factors

Long and Medium-Term Research: Factors Affecting the Adaptation Period Preceding Aerobic Degradation of Chlorinated Benzenes This award is under the Long and Medium-Term Research at Foreign Centers of Excellence Program, which enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct three to twelve months of research abroad at research centers of proven excellence. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad. This award will support an eleven-month postdoctoral research visit by Dr. Flynn W. Picardal of the University of Arizona to work with Dr. Alexander J. B. Zehnder of the Swiss Institute for Water Resources and Water Pollution Control (EAWAG). Their research project will study the effect of environmental factors on the acclimation period which precedes the biodegradation of mono-, di- and trichlorobenzenes by a microbial population. The factors to be examined include choice of substrate, substrate concentration, presence or absence of co-substrate, and temperature. Experiments will utilize microcosms containing soil, water and/or sediments to examine the interspecies or interstrain movement of genes encoding known degradation pathways. Chlorobenzenes are being used as model compounds in these studies because the biochemistry and genetics of chlorobenzene degradation have already been elucidated. Pseudomonas sp. Strain P51 will be used as a donor organism to provide a source of genetic sequences capable of chlorobenzene degradation. This recently isolated organism (van der Meer et al, 1991) has been shown to have chlorobenzene biodegradation genes grouped into two clusters. The chlorobenzene dioxygenase gene for this organism has been shown to be located on a transposable element. Mutations and genetic rearrangements in the population will be stimulated through the use of known chemical and physical mutagens and other methods. DNA hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques are among those that will be used to study genetic movement and acquisition of new genetic material. The frequency and extent of such movement will be examined as a function of the varied environmental factors. The award recommendation provides funds to cover international travel and a stipend for eleven months.

长期和中期研究：影响 氯化物好氧降解前的适应期 苯 该奖项是根据长期和中期研究， 外国卓越中心计划，使美国 科学家和工程师将进行三到十二个月的 在国外经过验证的卓越研究中心进行研究。 的 该计划的奖项提供了联合研究的机会， 利用独特或互补的设施、专门知识和 国外的实验条件。 该奖项将支持为期11个月的博士后研究访问 Dr. Flynn W.亚利桑那大学的皮卡达尔工作 和亚历山大J. B博士一起。瑞士水资源研究所的曾德尔说， 资源和水污染控制（EAWAG）。 他们的研究 项目将研究环境因素对 驯化期之前的生物降解的单，双， 和三氯苯的微生物种群。 考虑因素 检查包括底物的选择，底物浓度， 存在或不存在共底物以及温度。 实验 将利用含有土壤、水和/或沉积物的微观世界， 研究基因编码的种间或品系间运动， 已知的降解途径。 氯苯被用作 这些研究中的模型化合物，因为生物化学和 氯苯降解的遗传学已经被 阐明。 假单胞菌属菌株P51将用作供体 生物体提供能够 氯苯降解。 这种最近分离的有机体（货车 der梅尔等人，1991年）已被证明具有氯苯 生物降解基因分为两大类。 的 已经证明了这种生物体的氯苯双加氧酶基因 位于转座因子上。 突变和遗传 人口的重新安排将通过使用 已知的化学和物理诱变剂和其他方法。 DNA杂交和聚合酶链反应（PCR） 这些技术将被用于研究遗传 移动和获得新的遗传物质。 频率 和这种运动的程度将被视为一个功能， 各种环境因素。 该奖项的建议提供资金，以支付国际 旅行和11个月的津贴。