The Numerical Simulation of Cloud Seeding Effects in Cloud Scale and Mesoscale Models

长期以来，深对流风暴中降水的形成一直被认为是一个复杂的过程，需要数值模拟来帮助科学家理解关键的物理过程。 当考虑到人工改变降水的问题时，情况就更加复杂了。 首席研究员将使用先进的数值模型来研究云播种对云和区域尺度的影响。 需要解决的问题包括：（1）播云将如何改变一个地区的降水分布； (2)云群中单个云的播种能否为连续几代云的发展提供更有利的环境；不同类型云中冰生成的主要和次要模式是什么？播种如何影响这些不同的情况？ 模型结果将不断与从之前完成的现场项目收集的实际数据进行比较。 在获奖的第二年，首席研究员可能会以实时预测模式参与使用数值模型的现场计划。 模型结果将用于帮助指导实地计划的日常活动。

Formation of precipitation in deep convective storms has long been recognized as such a complex process that numerical simulations are needed to assist scientists in understanding critical physical processes. The situation is even more complicated when considering the question of artificial modification of precipitation. The Principal Investigator will use advanced numerical models to study cloud seeding effects on the cloud and regional scale. Questions to be addressed include: (1) how would the distribution of precipitation over an area be altered by cloud seeding; (2) can seeding of individual clouds within a cloud group lead to a more favorable environment for the development of successive generations of clouds; what are the primary and secondary modes of ice generation in clouds of different types and how does seeding affect these different situations? Model results will be continuously compared to actual data collected from previously completed field programs. In the second year of the award the Principal Investigator may participate in a field program using the numerical models in a real time predictive mode. Model results will be used to help guide the activities of the field program on a daily basis.