Ecomorphology and the Evolution of Phenotypic Divergence in Sunfish

翻车鱼的生态形态学和表型分化的进化

• 批准号: 9208295
• 负责人: Timothy Ehlinger
• 金额: $ 4.6万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1994-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9208295&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ecomorphology; Evolution; Phenotypic; Divergence; Sunfish

A successful individual must function trophically (i.e. to eat but not be eaten) as well as reproductively (i.e. to mate and produce successful offspring). These strong and sometimes divergent pressures can create trade-offs between the optimal phenotypes for foraging versus reproduction. However, it is seldom possible to study the concurrent effects of sexual and trophic selection on the evolution of morphology. Recent laboratory and comparative studies show that morphological variation in bluegill sunfish , Lepomis macrochirus, is intimately related to both reproductive and foraging success. The data suggest that females adapt morphologically to the demands of the foraging niches of lakes whereas the morphology of nesting males responds to changes in the intensity of intrasexual selection. The proposed research investigates the interaction between selection on trophic morphology and sexual morphology in bluegill. Morphological and behavioral comparisons among populations collected from different lake types will correlate phenotypic variation in feeding and reproductive abilities. Experimental crosses and common garden rearing of young will attempt to identify a genetic basis for phenotypic variation. A manipulation of nesting male density in a natural lake will assess the degree of behavioral and morphological flexibility of individual males, and quantify the relationship between phenotype and nesting success under different social conditions. This research may eventually address critical questions about the relative importance of sexual selection and trophic radiation in the evolution of the genus lepomis.

一个成功的人必须营养功能（即吃，但 不吃，也不吃;不吃，也不吃。 成功的后代）。这些强大的，有时是分歧的 压力可以在最佳表型之间进行权衡， 觅食和繁殖的区别然而，很少有可能 研究性选择和营养选择对 形态学的演变。最近的实验室和比较研究 显示了蓝鳃太阳鱼形态变化 macrochirus，是密切相关的生殖和 觅食成功数据表明雌性适应了 在形态上与湖泊觅食生态位的要求相适应 而筑巢的雄性的形态学响应于 性内选择强度。 拟议的研究调查了 蓝鳃鱼的营养形态和性形态选择。 种群间的形态和行为比较 从不同的湖泊类型收集将相关的表型 摄食和繁殖能力的变化。实验 杂交和常见的花园饲养的年轻人将试图确定 表型变异的遗传基础。对嵌套的操纵 天然湖泊中的雄性密度将评估 和个体雄性的形态灵活性，并量化 不同温度下表型与筑巢成功率的关系 社会条件。这项研究可能最终解决关键的 性选择的相对重要性， 麻风属进化中的营养辐射。