Theodosius Dobzhansky and the Origins of Western Population Genetics

狄奥多西·多布赞斯基和西方人口遗传学的起源

• 批准号: 9212691
• 负责人: Mark Adams
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-07-15 至 1993-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9212691&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Theodosius; Dobzhansky; Origins; Western; Population

Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900-1975) was one of the leading biologists of the 20th century: a key figure in the evolutionary synthesis of the 1930s and author of its first modern statement (Genetics and the Origin of Species, 1937), he was the founder of modern Western population genetics, the teacher of a large international school, and author of many influential popular books on scientific and social topics. Although historians of biology are focussing increasing attention on his legacy, this ongoing evaluation has been greatly hampered by a lack of information about his formative years. Dobzhansky left Russia for New York in 1927 to work with American geneticist T. H. Morgan, and never returned. Thanks to recent developments in Russia, it has now become possible, using newly discovered archival materials, to analyze the formative years of Dobzhansky's career. Under this grant, Dr. Adams is beginning to survey these archives in preparation for a study of Dobzhansky's formative years, 1900-1937. Working with young Russian investigators who have been collecting the pertinent materials, Dr. Adams is seeking to clarify the influence of the Kiev school of cytogenetics on Dobzhansky's chromosomal work (1914- 1924); the views of his Petersburg mentor, Filipchenko, on his approach to micro- and macroevolution, and his social views (1924- 1927); the influence of Russian entomological traditions on his approach to populations, species, and field practice; his gradual assimilation of the conventions and practices of the Morgan laboratory; and the influence of his Russian background on the writing of his evolutionary classic. With support from this grant, Dr. Adams and colleagues are beginning to mine the newly opened Russian archives. This grant provides travel assistance to the PI as well as instrumentation necessary for his Russian collaborators to provide him with the needed documentation. As a result, sources for the origin of modern population biology will be made available for study in the US.

Theodosius Dobzhansky（1900-1975）是20世纪的主要生物学家之一：1930年代进化综合的关键人物，也是其第一个现代陈述的作者（遗传学和物种的起源，1937年），他是现代西方人口遗传学的创始人，是一位大型国际学校的老师，以及许多有影响力的科学著作和社交书籍的作者，以及许多有影响力的科学著作。 尽管生物学的历史学家正在越来越关注他的遗产，但由于缺乏有关其成长时光的信息，这种持续的评估受到了极大的阻碍。 多班斯基（Dobzhansky）于1927年离开俄罗斯前往纽约，与美国遗传学家T. H. Morgan合作，从未回来。 多亏了俄罗斯最近的发展，现在使用新发现的档案材料来分析多班汉斯基职业生涯的成长年龄。 根据这笔赠款，亚当斯博士开始调查这些档案，以准备研究多班汉斯基的成长年龄，1900- 1937年。 亚当斯博士与一直在收集相关材料的年轻俄罗斯调查人员合作，试图澄清基辅细胞遗传学学院对多布津斯基染色体工作的影响（1914-1924）； 他的彼得斯堡导师菲利普钦科（Filipchenko）的观点对他的微观和宏观发展方法以及他的社会观点（1924-1927）的看法； 俄罗斯昆虫学传统对他的人口，物种和野外实践方法的影响；他逐渐同化摩根实验室的惯例和实践；以及他的俄罗斯背景对他进化经典的写作的影响。 在这笔赠款的支持下，亚当斯博士及其同事开始开采新开放的俄罗斯档案馆。 该赠款为PI提供了旅行帮助，以及他的俄罗斯合作者为他提供所需文件所需的仪器。 结果，现代人口生物学起源的来源将在美国提供研究。