Metabolic Control of Intracellular Organic Solute Accumulation During Salt Stress

盐胁迫期间细胞内有机溶质积累的代谢控制

• 批准号: 9214472
• 负责人: Stephen Bishop
• 金额: $ 21万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-15 至 1997-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9214472&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Metabolic; Control; Intracellular; Organic; Solute

A wide variety of plants, marine or estuarine animals, microorganisms and certain cells in the tissues of higher animals (gut, kidneys, etc.) show resistance to salt stress (highly concentrated salt solutions) by using a variety of small molecular weight, electrically neutral organic molecules as intracellular osmotic buffers. The mechanism of drought resistance is closely tied to the mechanism of salt stress resistance. Cells that cannot regulate these organic solute concentrations are not salt stress resistant. The proposed research builds on previous work and focuses on the mechanisms used by cells to regulate the intracellular concentration of these organic solutes. We propose that production and metabolic turnover of these solutes are compartmentalized within intracellular organelles such as the mitochondria and/or chloroplasts and that the rest of the cell serves as the compartment of accumulation. Using gill tissue from a highly salt stress resistant bivalve mollusc as a model system, we plan to identify the elements (enzymes) regulating production of these solutes in the mitochondria and study how the cell controls the regulation of these elements so as to adjust the internal osmotic pressure of the cell to be more or less equal to that of the media bathing cell. The research involves use of a variety of analytical chemical equipment, radiochemical tracers, some tissue culture studies, enzymatic assays and the separation of metabolic elements using various centrifugation, chromatographic, electrophoretic, and antibody precipitation techniques for specific analysis. The result will be a better understanding of the mechanisms of cellular salt stress resistance and the physiological controls regulating these processes.

各种各样的植物，海洋或河口动物， 微生物和高等动物组织中的某些细胞 (gut、肾脏等）显示出对盐胁迫的抗性（高度 浓缩盐溶液）通过使用各种小分子 重量，电中性有机分子作为细胞内 渗透缓冲液其抗旱机理与 与抗盐胁迫机制有关。细胞不能 调节这些有机溶质浓度不是盐胁迫 抵抗拟议的研究建立在以前的工作基础上， 重点是细胞用来调节 这些有机溶质的细胞内浓度。我们提出 这些溶质的产生和代谢周转 在细胞内的细胞器，如 线粒体和/或叶绿体，细胞的其余部分 作为积累的隔间。利用来自 一种高度耐盐胁迫的双壳类软体动物作为模型系统， 我们计划确定调节生产的元素（酶）， 研究细胞如何控制 这些因素的调节，以调整内部 细胞的渗透压或多或少等于 媒体洗澡间这项研究涉及使用各种 分析化学设备，放射化学示踪剂，一些组织 培养研究、酶测定和代谢产物的分离 使用各种离心，色谱， 电泳和抗体沉淀技术， 分析.其结果将是更好地了解 细胞抗盐胁迫的机制和生理机制 控制这些过程。