Pollution Prevention Through Precision Process Modelling, Design and Operation

通过精密流程建模、设计和操作预防污染

• 批准号: 9216726
• 负责人: W. Harmon Ray
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1996-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9216726&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Pollution; Prevention; Through; Precision; Process

To have a broad impact on pollution prevention at the source in the chemical process industries (CPI), a multifaceted approach to the underlying fundamental problems is needed. Developing totally new processes involves huge new capital investments in order to affect a fraction of the pollutants produced by the CPI today. With many trillions of dollars invested in existing chemical and oil refining plants in the U.S., it will be many years before research directed at totally new processes will have widespread impact on pollution reduction. In order to have an important effect in reducing the production of pollutants in the next 10-20 years, focusses process revamps which require modest capital investments and maximize the impact of pollution reduction are desirable. These approaches, while complementing important research on totally new processes, can have greater impact in the next two decades because they require the least investment and produce the greatest benefits. A requirement for success is identifying good candidates for process modeling, design, and operation in order to achieve the desired pollution reduction goals. This research is directed towards developing new basic engineering tools for analyzing and designing processes so as to make modifications for pollution prevention, and then demonstrating the tools and the underlying principles on real problems form the CPI. This research consists of fundamental studies of new basic engineering tools for precision process technology directed towards improvements in process design and process operation so as to eliminate pollution at its source. The project will be broken into four components: (1) The application of detailed process models and the emerging results in dynamic stability theory in order to create parameter maps in process design and operation space which simultaneously satisfy product specifications, production goals, and process dynamics which avoid process runaway episodes or large scale venting for safety reasons. (2) The development of fundamental control strategies for nonlinear processes subject to runaway because of process sensitivity and limited controller power (e.g. limited heat transfer capabilities). (3) The development of general principles and strategies for product grade transitions for high volume processes in which off-spec product must be disposed of as waste. (4) The development of new polymerization processes which avoid the use of solvents in production and ultimate application. The research will be carried out in collaboration with some of the twelve industrial sponsors of the University of Wisconsin Polymerization Reaction Engineering Laboratory (UWPREL).

对源头污染防治产生广泛影响 在化学过程工业（CPI）中， 需要采取解决根本问题的办法。 开发全新的流程需要投入大量的新资金 投资，以影响一小部分污染物， 今天的CPI。 拥有数万亿美元 投资于现有的化工和炼油厂， 美国，要进行针对性的研究， 全新的工艺将对污染产生广泛的影响 还原 为了在减少 未来10-20年的污染物生产，重点是 工艺改造需要适度的资本投资， 最大限度地减少污染的影响是可取的。 这些方法在补充重要研究的同时， 全新的流程，在未来两年可能会产生更大的影响， 几十年，因为它们需要最少的投资和生产 最大的好处。 成功的必要条件是 为流程建模、设计和 操作，以达到预期的污染减少 目标. 这项研究旨在开发新的基础 用于分析和设计流程的工程工具， 为了防止污染而进行修改，然后 演示真实的上的工具和基本原理 CPI的问题。 这项研究包括新的基础研究， 精密加工技术的工程工具 改进工艺设计和工艺操作 从而从源头上消除污染。 该项目将 分为四个部分： (1)详细过程模型的应用和 动态稳定性理论的新成果， 在工艺设计和操作中创建参数图 同时满足乘积空间 规格、生产目标和流程动态 这避免了过程失控事件或大规模 出于安全原因， (2)制定基本控制战略， 非线性过程容易失控， 过程灵敏度和有限的控制器功率（例如， 有限的传热能力）。 (3)制定一般原则和战略， 高产量工艺的产品等级转换， 该不合格产品必须作为废物处理。 (4)新的聚合工艺的发展， 避免在生产中使用溶剂， 应用程序. 这项研究将与一些国家合作进行， 威斯康星州大学的12个工业赞助商 聚合反应工程实验室（UWPREL）。