Cloud Condensation Nuclei: A Link Between Oceanic Sulfur and Climate at Palmer Station, Antarctica

云凝结核：南极洲帕尔默站海洋硫与气候之间的联系

• 批准号: 9218538
• 负责人: Vinod Saxena
• 金额: $ 9.09万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-05-15 至 1995-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9218538&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Cloud; Condensation; Nuclei; Link; Between

The objective of this project is to obtain quantitative cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) data at Palmer Station, Antarctica, using a CCN spectrometer of the principal investigator's own design. The project is integrated with a study of tropospheric sulfur chemistry in order to examine the climatic negative feedback mechanism involving atmospheric CCN and the emission of dimethylsulfide (DMS) from oceanic phytoplankton. DMS is oxidized and converted to CCN in the atmosphere, with the increased concentration of CCN leading to more extensive marine stratus clouds. The increased cloud cover, because it reflects a greater proportion of the incoming solar radiation, is hypothesized to produce large-scale atmospheric cooling. The net cooling and the reduced solar radiation at the surface reduce the oceanic phytoplankton population and the rate of DMS emission. The remote location of Palmer Station, and the establishment of the two-year study of atmospheric sulfur chemistry offers a unique opportunity to study quantitative relationships, not only between CCN and DMS, but also with other transient and stable sulfur compounds such as non-sea salt sulfates, methane sulfonate, and sulfuric acid, as well as dry aerosols and sea salt particles.

本项目的目标是获得定量云 南极洲帕尔默站凝结核（CCN）数据，使用 一个由首席研究员自己设计的云凝结核光谱仪 的 该项目与对流层硫化学研究相结合 为了检验气候负反馈机制， 涉及大气中的云凝结核和二甲基硫的排放 从海洋浮游植物。 DMS被氧化并转化为CCN 在大气中，随着CCN浓度的增加， 到更广阔的海洋层云。 增加的云 覆盖，因为它反映了更大比例的传入 太阳辐射，假设产生大规模的大气 降温 净冷却和减少太阳辐射在 减少了海洋浮游植物的数量， DMS发射。 帕默站的偏远位置，以及 为期两年的大气硫化学研究提供了一个独特的 有机会研究数量关系，不仅在 CCN和DMS，也可与其他瞬态和稳定硫 化合物如非海盐硫酸盐、甲磺酸盐和 硫酸以及干气溶胶和海盐颗粒。