Infrared Measurements in the Antarctic

南极的红外测量

• 批准号: 9219209
• 负责人: Frank Murcray
• 金额: $ 22.57万
• 依托单位: University of Denver
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-06-01 至 1996-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9219209&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Infrared; Measurements; Antarctic

This project uses an infrared (IR) interferometer to monitor some of the trace constituents of the atmosphere above South Pole and McMurdo, Antarctica. The measurements will be made in two modes: An absorption mode, using the sun as an infrared source of IR radiation shining through the atmosphere. This technique will allow very sensitive measurements of a number of trace constituents, especially during the local springtime, when the antarctic ozone hole is forming. An emission mode, using radiation emitted by the atmospheric gases themselves. This technique is much less sensitive than the absorption mode, but does allow critical measurements during the long, dark polar night, when the chemistry which sets the stage for the springtime ozone depletion is taking place. The compounds which will be measured include: hydrogen chloride, nitric acid, chlorofluorocarbon 11 and 12, nitrous oxide, methane, ozone and chlorine nitrate. These gases all play a role in the ozone hole and several of them are also important greenhouse gases. This project is a precursor to the establishment of an antarctic Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC) station. When the NDSC station is established, presumably at Dome C, then Murcray will begin to make similar measurements there. This project is jointly funded by NSF's Office of Polar Programs and Division of Atmospheric Sciences and also by NASA's Office of Earth Sciences and Applications.

该项目使用红外(IR)干涉仪监测南极和南极麦克默多上空大气中的一些微量成分。测量将以两种模式进行：吸收模式，使用太阳作为穿过大气的红外辐射的红外源。这项技术将允许非常灵敏地测量一些痕量成分，特别是在南极臭氧空洞形成的当地春季。一种发射模式，使用大气气体本身发射的辐射。这项技术比吸收模式灵敏得多，但确实允许在漫长而黑暗的极地夜晚进行关键测量，当时正在发生为春季臭氧消耗奠定基础的化学物质。将被测量的化合物包括：氯化氢、硝酸、氯氟烃11和12、一氧化二氮、甲烷、臭氧和硝酸氯。这些气体都在臭氧层空洞中发挥了作用，其中几种气体也是重要的温室气体。该项目是建立南极平流层变化探测网(NDSC)的前奏。当NDSC站建立时，大概是在穹顶C，然后默克雷将开始在那里进行类似的测量。该项目由美国国家科学基金会极地计划办公室和大气科学部以及美国宇航局地球科学和应用办公室共同资助。