Regulation of Glyoxysomal Membrane Electron Transport

调查的总体目的是确定 乙醛酸酶体膜电子传递（GMET）的特点 调节脂肪产生的NADH氧化的系统 在油料种子萌发过程中，乙醛酸酶体内的代谢。 这一代谢过程受NADH氧化的调节 在乙醛酸体内产生。 NADH被GMET氧化 由32KDa蛋白（gm32）和二级转移组成的系统 膜中的蛋白质。 在含油种子的发芽过程中， 乙醛酸酶体获得膜电子传递活动， 同时脂肪代谢变得活跃。 第一个目标 本项目的一个重要目的是鉴定细胞质电子受体， 关于GMET 将检查蛋白质的物理暴露。 我们将确定GMET活性是否受外观的调节， 不同的蛋白质在glyoxysomal膜或 修改（例如，磷酸化）。 的氨基酸 然后将确定gm 32的序列，以允许与 其他电子传递蛋白。 这项工作正在与 从发芽的蓖麻胚乳中获得的乙醛酸体 豆 %%% 这个项目涉及脂肪代谢，这是直接 与农业和人类健康有关。 许多农业 重要种子（玉米、向日葵、大豆、花生、棉花、蓖麻 豆类）含有脂肪，依靠脂肪代谢来发芽。 特殊的亚细胞器，过氧化物酶体和乙醛酸酶体， 参与脂肪的新陈代谢。 过氧化物酶体和乙醛酸酶体 由酶（蛋白质）的浓缩溶液组成， 而脂肪则由包封的酶代谢。 作为 脂肪在过氧化物酶体或乙醛酸酶体内代谢，分子和 能量（如电子）必须通过膜进出。 因此，膜必须含有调节脂肪的酶 细胞器内的新陈代谢。 这件事的具体目的 研究的目的是鉴定这些膜酶， 决定如何对其进行监管。 的基本信息 膜运输可以用来理解脂肪 人体的新陈代谢也是如此。

The overall purpose of the investigation is to identify features of the glyoxysomal membrane electron transport (GMET) system which regulates oxidation of NADH generated by fat metabolism within glyoxysomes during germination of oil seeds. This metabolic process is regulated by the oxidation of the NADH generated within the glyoxysomes. NADH is oxidized by the GMET system comprised of a 32 KDa protein (gm32) and secondary transfer protein(s) in the membrane. During the germination of an oil seed, glyoxysomes acquire membrane electron transport activities at the same time that fat metabolism becomes active. The first objective of this project is to identify the cytoplasmic electron acceptors for GMET. The physical exposure of the proteins will be examined. We will determine if GMET activity is regulated by the appearance of different proteins in the glyoxysomal membrane or by modifications (e.g., phosphorylation) of proteins. The amino acid sequence of gm32 will then be determined, to allow comparison with other electron transport proteins. This work is being done with glyoxysomes obtained from the endosperm of germinating castor beans. %%% This project concerns fat metabolism, which is directly related to agriculture and to human health. Many agriculturally important seeds (corn, sunflower, soybean, peanut, cotton, castor bean) contain fat and depend on fat metabolism for germination. Specific subcellular organelles, peroxisomes and glyoxysomes, are involved in the metabolism of fats. Peroxisomes and glyoxysomes consist of a concentrated solution of enzymes (proteins) enclosed by a membrane and fat is metabolized by the enclosed enzymes. As fat is metabolized within a peroxisome or glyoxysome, molecules and energy (as electrons) must pass in and out, through the membrane. Thus the membrane must contain enzymes which regulate fat metabolism inside the organelle. The specific purpose of this investigation is to identify these membrane enzymes and to determine how they might be regulated. The basic information of membrane transport can then be applied to understanding fat metabolism in humans, as well.