Gender Differences in Academic Career Paths Among Economists Scientists, Social Scientists

妇女在下列领域的教员中所占比例偏低： 科学和工程一直是一个关注和话题， 许多委员会、机构和学者的研究。 那里 这背后似乎有很多原因 从事科学学术工作的妇女人数。 从高开始 在学校，女性似乎退出了科学/工程管道 几乎每一步都是如此 该项目的重点是 这一进程的最后一个阶段-妇女在 副教授或正教授级别。 这是第一项研究， 基于一个持续的博士小组， 来追踪人们的职业生涯， 时间 这种方法比横截面分析方法优越上级 在其他研究中，因为它控制了进入者的大小， 队列，允许协变量对 概率，并为那些离开学术界的人提供解释。 的 面板数据允许分析的整个时间模式的 晋升的可能性和晋升的可能性的比较 最终获得终身教职。 该项目的重点是学术晋升方面的性别差异， 经济学、其他社会科学、科学 与工程学 它使用了国家统计局收集的面板数据， 科学基金会在其两年一度的博士学位获得者调查。 该项目调查进入学术界的男女是否 有着相似背景的人 在学术生涯中， careers. 该项目利用危险率分析， 获得终身教职的可能性存在差异。 类似的 研究方法主要用于研究晋升正教授的问题。 的 研究的第一阶段将考虑经济学领域。 为经济学领域开发的规格和模型将 然后扩展到社会科学的其他领域， 科学与工程学 分析的最后阶段将 在所有字段上执行类似的操作，以便能够绘制 关于学术界总体晋升进程和 如何在晋升过程中的领域之间的差异， 这是由磁场本身的不同特性所解释的。

The under representation of females among faculty in the fields of science and engineering has been a concern and a topic of research of many committees, institutions, and scholars. There seem to be a multitude of causes behind this under representation of females in scientific academic jobs. Starting from high school, women seem to drop out of the science/engineering pipeline at practically every step along the way. This project focuses on the last stage in this process - the low proportion of women at the associate or full professor ranks. It is the first study to be based on a continuing panel of PhD's and to use the panel nature of this data to follow people's careers as they develop over time. This approach is superior to the cross sectional analysis in other studies because it controls for the size of the entrant cohort, allows covariants to have independent effects on the probabilities, and accounts for people who leave academia. The panel data allow analysis of the entire time pattern of the likelihood of promotion and comparison of the probabilities of eventually receiving tenure. This project focuses on gender differences in promotion in academic jobs in the fields of economics, the other social sciences, science and engineering. It uses panel data collected by the National Science Foundation in its biannual survey of Doctorate Recipients. The project investigates whether women and men who enter academia with similar backgrounds have the same likelihood of progressing in academic careers and progress at similar speeds in their careers. Using hazard rate analysis, the project estimates gender differences in the probabilities of receiving tenure. A similar approach is used to study the promotion to full professorship. The first stages of the research will consider the field of economics. Specifications and models developed for the field of economics will then be extended to other fields with the social sciences and to science and engineering. The final stage of the analysis will perform similar on all fields together in order to be able to draw conclusions about the overall promotion process in academia and on how differences among fields in the promotion process can be explained by different characteristics of the fields themselves.