Collaborative Research: A Collaborative Study: ExperimentalSimulations of Volcanic Eruptions

合作研究： 合作研究：火山喷发的实验模拟

• 批准号: 9303594
• 负责人: Bradford Sturtevant
• 金额: $ 9.2万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-06-15 至 1995-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9303594&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Study; ExperimentalSimulations; Volcanic

A collaborative and cross-disciplinary research program at the University of Michigan and California Institute of Technology will be carried out to investigate the physics and chemistry of the fast processes and flows which occur in the conduits and near the vents of erupting volcanoes. Experimental simulations of volcanic eruptions will be carried out at small scale with systems which duplicate the velocities and accelerations generated during eruption by bubble growth and magma fragmentation. The apparatus consists of a test cell which exhausts into a tank which can be evacuated. Preliminary results show that the simple system CO2-H2O exhibits a variety of eruptive styles, ranging from explosive eruption, to violent bubbling and degassing (but no eruption), to quiet exsolution with occasional bubbling. This work will be continued in three directions: (1) experimental simulation under a variety of controlled conditions, varying such parameters as viscosity, surface tension, diffusion coefficient of CO2, chamber shape, pressure, etc., (2) theoretical study of scaling laws for extrapolating experimental laboratory results to natural magmatic systems; and (3) development of methods for observing and quantifying the mechanism of fragmentation.

一个合作和跨学科的研究计划， 密歇根大学和加州研究所 技术将被用来研究 和化学的快速过程和流动发生在 管道和火山喷发口附近。 火山爆发的实验模拟将在 在小规模进行的系统，复制 在喷发过程中产生的速度和加速度 气泡生长和岩浆碎裂。 述的装置 包括一个测试单元，该测试单元排气到一个罐中，该罐可以 撤离 初步结果显示， CO_2-H_2O体系具有多种喷发类型， 从爆炸性喷发到剧烈冒泡 脱气（但无喷发），至平静出溶， 偶尔冒泡。 这项工作将继续在三个 方向：（1）各种条件下的实验模拟 控制条件，改变诸如粘度的参数， 表面张力，CO2扩散系数，气室 形状、压力等，(2)结垢理论研究 将实验室结果外推到 天然岩浆系统;（3）开发方法， 观察和量化碎片化机制。