Bioarchaeological Investigation of Native Responses to European Colonization of La Florida

摘要P.I.克拉克·拉森SBR-9305391西班牙征服者对整个新大陆美洲原住民的健康造成了毁灭性的影响，这已成为一个老生常谈的事实，正如在许多地区人口急剧下降所证明的那样。然而，西班牙佛罗里达(拉佛罗里达)迄今的广泛调查结果表明，尽管旧大陆病原体对土著人口的灾难性影响是接触的重要和非常常见的后果，但这些影响应被视为一个复杂的、多方面的问题的一个方面。对于理解接触问题，同样重要的是与当地居民如何在相对较长的时间内对许多环境中的巨大社会、饮食和行为变化做出反应和适应的问题有关。除了许多地区因流行病而立即下降外，在许多地区，几代幸存者继续应对新的新挑战，尽管情况不断恶化。必须摆脱对人口变化的单一原因解释，以达成对1492年后美国原住民群体健康、饮食和社会结构下降的广泛理解。这项研究将对拉佛罗里达大片地区的遗骸进行详细和广泛的生物考古分析，并在很长一段时间内进行。特别是，将研究欧洲人的到来和建立使团的影响，以及当地居民如何适应与活动变化相关的新需求(例如。对劳动力的需求)和死亡(例如。更多地依赖玉米作为主食)。*P：\Anthro\jfred\9305391.abs u~PJPx PJ&amp；JPP.JP(PX~x G(I 4：V4：V：XPıııp$pp%$$@M G KNH G Pkg$$@$$@IııııvııırFTV V 4V\：4V VV%$$%$$%U V$Gr(rPPIPPP(PIP(PPx~VUx xN k(r Vv~V：v Mık IıG$GGGGG HqN G Hg j@$$@$Gııq Iımvv：\\.A C“$&amp；(*，.$F。。：1信使符号和宋体1信使1 MS LineDraw v h Q%e=Jonathan Friedlaender Jonathan Friedlaender

Abstract P.I. Clark Larsen SBR-9305391 It has become a truism that the Spanish Conquistadores had a devastating effect on the health of Native Americans throughout the New World, as documented in various locales by dramatic population declines. However, the extensive findings to date from Spanish Florida (La Florida) indicate that, although the catastrophic effects of Old World pathogens on native populations were important and very common consequences of contact, these effects should be viewed as a single facet of a complex, multifaceted problem. Equally important for understanding the contact issue are questions relating to how native populations responded and adapted to great social, dietary, and behavioral changes in a number of settings over relatively long periods of time. Besides the immediate declines in many areas due to epidemics, in many regions, generations of survivors continued to respond to new and novel challenges despite deteriorating circumstances. It is essential to move away from single cause explanations of population change to reach a broad-based understanding of decline in health, diet, the social fabric of Native American groups after 1492. This study will undertake detailed and extensive bioarchaeological analyses of remains from a large region of La Florida, and over a long time interval. In particular, the impact of European arrival and the establishment of missions will be studied, along with how native populations accommodated new demands associated with changes in activity (eg. demands for labor) and died (eg. more reliance on maize as a dietary staple) . *** P:\anthro\jfried\9305391.abs u ~ PJPx PJ&JPP.JP(Px ~ x G (I 4:V4:V:xP ı ı ı p$ pp%$ $@ M G kNH G pkG $ $ @$ $@ i ıı ıı v ı ı ı rFTV V 4V \: 4V VV%$ $ % $ $ % U V$ $ $ $ $ Gr(rPPIPPP(PIP(PPx ~VUx xN k (r VV~ V:V M ı k i ı G $ GGGGG G HqN G HG j @ $ $@$ G ı ı q i ı ı ı ııı MVV:\ \ . A C " $ & ( * , . $ $ $ $ F . . : 1 Courier Symbol & Arial 1 Courier 1 MS LineDraw v h Q % e e = Jonathan Friedlaender Jonathan Friedlaender