Management and Scientific Services in Support of the U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea Process Study

史密斯9310577 支持美国JGOFS阿拉伯海过程研究的管理和科学服务 在我们星球上任何地方观察到的海洋特性的一些最强的大气强迫是在阿拉伯海，季节性逆转的季风驱动快速流动，垂直广泛的电流，复杂的涡流场，大规模，开放的海洋上涌， 沿海 上升流 和 明显 混层加深该地区的生产周期是由海洋对季风的反应驱动的，因此表现出大而有规律的季节性振荡， （包括6月至9月），初级生产力 由于强风不仅使富含营养物质的深水上升，而且还将风成尘带到这个热带海洋的表层，因此， 在东北季风期（11月至11月）和季风间期，初级生产力显着减少。 选择阿拉伯海作为过程研究地点的一个主要理由是，该区域具有强烈的季节性逆转物理强迫。 可以肯定地说，在这个项目中工作的研究人员在不了解物理特性的情况下，无法正确解释她/他的数据。 政权 对于美国JGOFS阿拉伯海过程研究的规模的考察，在每年的季风周期中进行9次巡航，有必要提供一套一致的背景密度，示踪剂和营养物场的测量。 这些数据对于解释和解决随季节变化的背景平均流量至关重要，而背景平均流量是这次考察进行更专门的中上层和海底研究的背景。 这些测量也需要估计运输的营养物质进入透光层，并提供洞察力的化学约束后的生理过程。 该项目将提供基本的背景观测计划，其中包括船基观测计划。 测量深度分辨温度， 盐度、营养物、氧气和洋流。 在整个考察过程中，所采用的方法将是标准化和一致的，使用美国JGOFS或美国WOCE已经制定的协议或所有调查人员在考察开始前商定的协议。 ***

Smith 9310577 Management and Scientific Services in Support of the U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea Process Study Some of the strongest atmospheric forcing of oceanic properties anywhere on our planet is observed in the Arabian Sea where seasonally reversing monsoon winds drive fast-flowing, vertically extensive currents, complex eddy fields, broad-scale, open ocean upwelling, coastal upwelling and pronounced mixed-layer deepening. Cycles of production in this region are driven by the ocean's response to monsoon winds and therefore exhibit large and regular seasonal oscillations, During the southwest monsoon season (June-September inclusive), primary productivity is maximal owing to strong winds which not only cause the uplift of deep water rich in nutrients, but also deliver aeolian dust to the surface layer of this tropical ocean. During the northeast monsoon (October-November inclusive) and intermonsoon periods, primary productivity is markedly reduced. A major rationale for the choice of the Arabian Sea as a process study site is the strong and seasonally reversing physical forcing of the region. It is safe to say no investigator working in this program will be able to properly interpret her/his data without understanding the physical regime. For an expedition of the scale of the U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea Process Study, 9 cruises spread over an annual monsoon cycle, it is necessary to provide a consistent set of measurements of the background density, tracer and nutrient fields. These data are crucial for the interpretation and resolution of the seasonally changing, background mean flows which are the setting for the more specialized pelagic and benthic studies of the expedition. These measurements are also needed to estimate the transport of nutrients into the euphotic zone and to provide insight into the chemical constraints placed upon physiological processes. This project will provide the basic, background observational program which will include ship- based measurement of depth-resolved temperature, salinity, nutrients, oxygen, and currents. The methods to be employed will be standardized and consistent throughout the expedition, using protocols already established either by U.S. JGOFS or U.S. WOCE or protocols agreed upon by all investigators prior to the beginning of the expedition. ***