Management and Scientific Services in Support of the U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea Process Study

支持美国 JGOFS 阿拉伯海过程研究的管理和科学服务

• 批准号: 9310577
• 负责人: Sharon Smith
• 金额: $ 299.72万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-04-01 至 1998-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9310577&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Management; Scientific; Services; Support; U.S.

Smith 9310577 Management and Scientific Services in Support of the U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea Process Study Some of the strongest atmospheric forcing of oceanic properties anywhere on our planet is observed in the Arabian Sea where seasonally reversing monsoon winds drive fast-flowing, vertically extensive currents, complex eddy fields, broad-scale, open ocean upwelling, coastal upwelling and pronounced mixed-layer deepening. Cycles of production in this region are driven by the ocean's response to monsoon winds and therefore exhibit large and regular seasonal oscillations, During the southwest monsoon season (June-September inclusive), primary productivity is maximal owing to strong winds which not only cause the uplift of deep water rich in nutrients, but also deliver aeolian dust to the surface layer of this tropical ocean. During the northeast monsoon (October-November inclusive) and intermonsoon periods, primary productivity is markedly reduced. A major rationale for the choice of the Arabian Sea as a process study site is the strong and seasonally reversing physical forcing of the region. It is safe to say no investigator working in this program will be able to properly interpret her/his data without understanding the physical regime. For an expedition of the scale of the U.S. JGOFS Arabian Sea Process Study, 9 cruises spread over an annual monsoon cycle, it is necessary to provide a consistent set of measurements of the background density, tracer and nutrient fields. These data are crucial for the interpretation and resolution of the seasonally changing, background mean flows which are the setting for the more specialized pelagic and benthic studies of the expedition. These measurements are also needed to estimate the transport of nutrients into the euphotic zone and to provide insight into the chemical constraints placed upon physiological processes. This project will provide the basic, background observational program which will include ship- based measurement of depth-resolved temperature, salinity, nutrients, oxygen, and currents. The methods to be employed will be standardized and consistent throughout the expedition, using protocols already established either by U.S. JGOFS or U.S. WOCE or protocols agreed upon by all investigators prior to the beginning of the expedition. ***

Smith 9310577 支持美国 JGOFS 阿拉伯海过程研究的管理和科学服务 在阿拉伯海观察到地球上任何地方海洋特性最强的大气强迫，其中季节性反转季风驱动快速流动、垂直广泛的水流、复杂的涡流场、大范围的开放海洋上升流、沿海上升流和明显的混合层加深。该地区的生产周期是由海洋对季风的响应驱动的，因此表现出大而有规律的季节性波动。在西南季风季节（包括6月至9月），由于强风，初级生产力达到最大，这不仅导致富含营养物质的深水上升，而且还将风尘带到热带海洋的表层。 东北季风（10月至11月）和季风间期，初级生产力显着下降。 选择阿拉伯海作为过程研究地点的一个主要理由是该地区具有强烈且季节性逆转的物理强迫。 可以肯定地说，在不了解身体状况的情况下，从事该项目的研究人员将无法正确解释她/他的数据。 对于美国 JGOFS 阿拉伯海过程研究规模的考察，在每年季风周期内进行 9 次航行，有必要提供一组一致的背景密度、示踪剂和营养物场测量结果。 这些数据对于解释和解决季节性变化的背景平均流量至关重要，这些流量是本次探险更专业的中上层和海底研究的背景。 还需要这些测量来估计营养物质进入透光区的运输，并提供对生理过程的化学限制的深入了解。 该项目将提供基本的背景观测计划，其中包括深度分辨温度、盐度、营养物、氧气和水流的船基测量。 在整个探险过程中使用的方法将是标准化和一致的，使用美国 JGOFS 或美国 WOCE 已经制定的协议或所有研究人员在探险开始前商定的协议。 ***