Diapause, Population Dynamics, and the Large-Scale Dispersal of Zooplankton

本研究将研究两个优势放牧桡足类物种Calanoides carinatus和Eucalanus crasssus在耦合生物学环境下的种群动态。印度洋西北部的物理模型。模型种群将包括滞育的第五桡足动物阶段（CV），该阶段被认为是该地区季节性季风强迫引起的上升流导致可预测的间歇性食物供应的结果。本研究的主要目的是：1)从迁徙时间和与季风上升流相关的浮游植物大量繁殖的发生和减少的角度出发，确定桡足类Calanoides carinatus和Eucalanus crasssus在西北和赤道印度洋种群成功的个体发生迁移和滞育的意义；2)验证了牛角菜和豆瓣菜CV期滞育开始和停止的机制假设；3)利用索马里附近的大漩涡作为C. carinatus和E. crasssus分布的中心，确定物理平流在将种群运送到阿曼海岸、亚丁湾和阿曼湾，以及可能更遥远的地区（如莫桑比克和爪哇）中的重要性。

This study will examine the population dynamics of two dominant grazing copepod species, Calanoides carinatus and Eucalanus crassus, in the context of a coupled biological?physical model in the northwestern Indian Ocean. The model populations will include a diapausing fifth copepodite stage (CV) believed to have evolved as the result of a predictably intermittent food supply associated with upwelling caused by seasonal monsoonal forcing within the region. The primary objectives of this study are: 1) to determine the significance of ontogenetic migration and diapause of the copepods Calanoides carinatus and Eucalanus crassus for the success of these populations in the northwestern and equatorial Indian Ocean, with respect to timing of migration and onset and collapse of phytoplankton blooms associated with monsoonal upwelling; 2) to test hypotheses of mechanisms underlying the initiation and cessation of diapause in CV stage of C. carinatus and E. crassus; and 3) to ascertain the importance of physical advection in transporting populations to the Oman coast, Gulf of Aden and Gulf of Oman, and potentially more distant areas such as Mozambique and Java, using the Great Whirl off Somalia as the epicenter of distribution of C. carinatus and E. crassus.