Ethics and Archaeology: A Survey

伦理与考古学：调查

• 批准号: 9310554
• 负责人: Richard Wilk
• 金额: $ 5.3万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-01-01 至 1995-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9310554&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ethics; Archaeology; Survey

9310554 Wilk Around the world, the past is an increasingly contested terrain. Historic and prehistoric remains play prominent roles in peoples' attempts to define ethnic and national identities, at the same time that looting, illegal trade, and site destruction are accelerating. Archaeology is coming under closer public scrutiny and archaeologists today are more concerned about ethical practice and accountability. There has been little research on the archaeological enterprise, however. Although archaeology can promote cultural preservation and sustainable community development, it can also fuel site destruction and contribute to social conflict. The overall problem this project addresses is the ethical relationship between archaeologists and the communities where they work, particularly in foreign cultural settings, and the practical ramifications of this relationship in the forms of looting, support for preservation, and public perceptions of the past. This project will survey and interview a broad sample of archaeologists, finding out about their views about ethical standards and behavior, and asking about the ways they have conducted their own field research. The survey will have three sections: one about practice, how do archaeologists conduct themselves in the field in relation to host communities; the second is an opinion survey aimed at eliciting archaeologists' perceptions of minimal ethical behavior; and the third uses scenarios to investigate the relationships between professional ethics and broader social concerns for cultural integrity, autonomy, hierarchy, and equality. The survey is expected to sample 300 to 500 archaeologists; telephone interviews with 50 will provide further detailed information about cases involving ethical concerns and conflicts. Results will provide documentation of prevailing attitudes and practices among archaeologists, and ask if current ethical standards and safeguards are sufficient. ***

9310554威尔克在世界各地，过去是一个越来越有争议的领域。 历史和史前遗迹在人们试图确定种族和民族身份方面发挥着重要作用，同时抢劫，非法贸易和遗址破坏正在加速。 考古学正在受到更密切的公众监督，今天的考古学家更关心道德实践和问责制。 然而，对考古事业的研究很少。 虽然考古学可以促进文化保护和可持续的社区发展，但它也可能助长遗址破坏和社会冲突。 这个项目所要解决的总体问题是考古学家和他们工作的社区之间的伦理关系，特别是在外国文化背景下，以及这种关系在掠夺、支持保护和公众对过去的看法等形式上的实际影响。 该项目将调查和采访考古学家的广泛样本，了解他们对道德标准和行为的看法，并询问他们进行实地研究的方式。 该调查将分为三个部分：一个是关于实践，考古学家如何在与所在社区相关的领域中表现自己;第二个是一个意见调查，旨在了解考古学家对最低限度道德行为的看法;第三个是使用场景来调查职业道德与更广泛的社会关注之间的关系，包括文化完整性，自治，等级制度和平等。 调查预计将对300至500名考古学家进行抽样调查;对50名考古学家的电话采访将提供涉及伦理问题和冲突的案件的进一步详细信息。 研究结果将提供考古学家普遍态度和做法的文件，并询问目前的道德标准和保障措施是否足够。 ***