The Medieval Ritual Landscape: Archaeology, Material Culture and Lived Religion

中世纪的仪式景观：考古学、物质文化和宗教信仰

• 批准号: AH/X004929/1
• 负责人: Roberta Gilchrist
• 金额: $ 93.15万
• 依托单位: University of Reading
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FX004929%2F1
• 关键词: Medieval; Ritual; Landscape; Archaeology; Material

The Medieval Ritual Landscape Project (MeRit) will shed new light on everyday religion in the English Middle Ages (c.1000-1600 CE). Complementary sources of archaeological evidence (excavated artefacts and metal-detected finds) will be analysed at different scales (macro-scale national and transnational, and micro-scale regional perspectives) to illuminate how medieval people expressed their own religious agency, largely unrecorded by written sources. The project will adopt an interdisciplinary research framework, combining archaeological, historical and digital humanities approaches, to reveal how the material practices of lived religion intersected with gender, family and community. It will consider changes in belief over time and in response to social crises and religious transitions, such as the Black Death and the long Reformation, taking a deep time perspective on the religious beliefs and agency of ordinary medieval people. It will consider regional variation in ritual practices and religious identity, through detailed contextual studies of three regional case studies (Kent, Norfolk, North Yorkshire), selected to provide direct comparisons with continental Europe. It will place the English evidence in comparative perspective with Dutch and Danish public finds data, to evaluate the extent to which medieval north-western Europe shared a common repertoire of religious objects and ritual practices.The project will unlock the potential of English medieval public finds data (over 325,000 medieval finds recorded by the PAS, the Portable Antiquities Scheme) and pioneer transnational analysis of European public finds, with relevance to archaeological citizen science across Europe. It will create an integrated database of medieval religious artefacts, including both public finds (metal-detected objects) and excavated archaeological evidence, to enable innovative spatial-statistical analyses to map ritual practices in the medieval landscape. The project will employ GIS mapping techniques to interrogate spatial relationships of religious objects in relation to settlements and natural or cultural features in the landscape, as well as potential clustering of finds that may reveal intentionally 'placed deposits' and the reuse of earlier ritual landscapes. Change over time will be considered through probabilistic 'aoristic' analyses using Monte Carlo simulation, to test patterns in religious material culture in relation to social and demographic trends, such as the development of parishes, pilgrimage, the Black Death, and the Reformation. Social Network Analysis will be used to elucidate and compare regional patterns in the circulation of pilgrim souvenirs and other religious objects. We will interrogate medieval textual sources to gain deeper understanding of who conducted ritual practices, for what reasons and in what spaces, as well as clerical attitudes and commentaries on these lay practices. Comparative insights will be gleaned from public finds recording schemes in Denmark (DIME, Aarhus Universitet) and the Netherlands (PAN, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam), in addition to the rich data set for medieval pilgrim souvenirs from the Kunera Project (Radboud Universiteit, NL).MeRit will deliver parallel strands of impact and outputs addressing i) everyday religion in the Middle Ages; and ii) the use and significance of public finds today, to reach beneficiaries beyond academia, including: citizen scientists, heritage professionals, the public and the Portable Antiquities Scheme. Working with museums and PAS Finds Liaison Officers (FLOs), we will establish a partnership group of 'citizen archaeologists' with whom we will co-produce finds recording guides and creative approaches to object biographies. The PAS will gain long-standing benefits from partnership with the project, including reciprocal knowledge exchange to improve the quality of future medieval finds recording, data cleaning, and legacy materials for the PAS website.

中世纪的仪式景观项目（功绩）将为英国中世纪的日常宗教提供新的启示（C.1000-1600 CE）。考古证据的互补来源（挖掘的人工制品和金属发现的发现）将在不同的尺度（宏观尺度的国家和跨国，以及微观尺度的区域观点）上进行分析，以阐明中世纪的人如何表达自己的宗教机构，并在很大程度上被书面源录制。该项目将采用跨学科研究框架，结合考古，历史和数字人文科学的方法，以揭示生活宗教的物质实践如何与性别，家庭和社区相交。它将考虑随着时间的流逝和对社会危机和宗教转变的回应，例如黑死和漫长的改革，对普通中世纪人民的宗教信仰和机构进行了深刻的观点。它将通过对三个区域案例研究（肯特，诺福克，北约克郡）进行详细的情境研究来考虑仪式实践和宗教身份的区域差异，以与欧洲大陆进行直接比较。 It will place the English evidence in comparative perspective with Dutch and Danish public finds data, to evaluate the extent to which medieval north-western Europe shared a common repertoire of religious objects and ritual practices.The project will unlock the potential of English medieval public finds data (over 325,000 medieval finds recorded by the PAS, the Portable Antiquities Scheme) and pioneer transnational analysis of European public finds, with relevance to欧洲考古公民科学。它将创建一个集成的中世纪宗教人工制品数据库，包括公众发现（金属检测的物体）和发掘的考古证据，以使创新的空间统计分析能够在中世纪景观中绘制仪式实践。该项目将采用GIS映射技术来询问宗教对象与景观中的定居点以及自然或文化特征的空间关系，以及可能揭示可能有意“放置沉积物”以及早期仪式景观的潜在聚类的发现。随着时间的流逝，将通过使用蒙特卡洛模拟进行概率的“主动”分析来考虑变化，以测试与社会和人口趋势有关的宗教物质文化模式，例如教区的发展，朝圣，黑死和改革。社交网络分析将用于阐明和比较朝圣纪念品和其他宗教物体的循环中的区域模式。我们将询问中世纪的文本资料，以更深入地了解谁进行了仪式实践，出于什么原因和空间以及对这些外行实践的文书态度和评论。比较见解将从公众发现的录制计划（Dime，Aarhus Universitet）和荷兰（Pan，Vrije Amsterdam）的录制方案中获得，除了在Mediev pilgrim souvenirs的富裕数据集外，还将在Kunera Project（Radboud UniversitiTIT，NL）上进行。年龄； ii）当今公众发现的使用和意义，以吸引学术界以外的受益人，包括：公民科学家，遗产专业人士，公众和便携式古物计划。我们将与博物馆和PAS合作找到联络官（FLOS），我们将建立一个合作伙伴团体的“公民考古学家”小组，我们将与之共同制作，找到录音指南和对物体传记的创造性方法。 PAS将从与该项目的合作伙伴关系中获得长期的利益，包括相互知识交流，以提高PAS网站的未来中世纪发现录制，数据清洁和旧版材料的质量。