El Nino Impacted Coral Reefs In The Tropical Eastern PacificSecondary Disturbances, Recovery and Modeling of Population and Community Responses.

9314798 Glynn本研究将继续一项长期研究，重点关注1982-83年历史上前所未有的厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）对东太平洋珊瑚礁的生态干扰。这项研究涉及与东道国国家研究小组和哥斯达黎加、巴拿马和加拉帕戈斯群岛（厄瓜多尔）的主要实地地点的国际合作，这些地区受到1982-83年ENSO的严重影响。格林博士将领导这项研究继续进行(a) 1970年代初中期开始的对东太平洋珊瑚礁的物理和生物监测，(b)调查不同珊瑚物种对ENSO压力源的反应，(c)研究与征聘成功有关的珊瑚生殖生态学，以及(d)记录珊瑚群落的恢复。新的研究方向包括(e)遥感，它将通过天气和重复测量，试图将珊瑚白化/死亡与当地和全球尺度的海面温度联系起来；(f)根据实地监测和实验结果得出的温度、捕食、珊瑚生长和存活之间的机制关系，建立珊瑚种群和群落动态模型。由于重要的次生干扰仍在发生，珊瑚礁恢复缓慢，因此有必要继续进行这项研究，以了解所涉及的各种变化以及一次主要干扰对东太平洋珊瑚生存和珊瑚礁形成的全面影响。如果预测的全球变暖导致重复和/或持续的海洋温度升高，与1982-83年的ENSO相当，我们希望ENSO变暖干扰可以为全球珊瑚礁的可能变化提供一些见解。

9314798 Glynn This research will continue a long-term study that has focused on ecological disturbances to eastern Pacific coral reefs that accompanied the sever and historically unprecedented 1982-83 El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The study involves international collaboration with host- county research teams and primary field sites in Costa Rica, Panama, and the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador), areas heavily impacted by the 1982-83 ENSO. Dr. Glynn will lead the research to continue (a) with the physical and biotic monitoring of eastern Pacific coral reefs initiated in the early-mid 1970s, (b) investigating the responses of different coral species to ENSO stressors, (c) studying coral reproductive ecology as it relates to recruitment success, and (d) documenting coral community recovery. New research directions include (e) remote sensing, which will attempt to link coral bleaching/mortality with local and global scale sea surface temperatures by means of synoptic and repeated measurements, and (f) modeling of coral population and community dynamics based on mechanistic relationships between temperature, predation, coral growth, and survivorship derived from field monitoring and experimental results. Because important secondary disturbances are still occurring and reef recovery has been slow, it is necessary to continue this study in order to understand the variety of changes involved and the full impact of a major disturbance on eastern Pacific coral survival and reef building. We are hopeful that ENSO warming disturbances can provide some insight to the probable changes in coral reefs worldwide if projected global warming causes repeated and/or protracted sea temperature increases comparable to the 1982-83 ENSO.