Factors Affecting Performance in Foraging

影响觅食性能的因素

• 批准号: 9317652
• 负责人: Douglass Morse
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-01 至 1997-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9317652&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Factors; Affecting; Performance; Foraging

9317652 Morse Abstract Birds and mammals learn how and where to find food, but most people would assume that invertebrates such as spiders do not learn from experience, developing their adult foraging behaviors solely through maturation. Dr. Morse will test this assumption by examining the role of experience in the development of choice of hunting site ("patch choice") of the crab spider, a sit-and-wait predator on flowers. His previous research has established the importance of success in juvenile patch choice, because it affects the spider's chances of becoming an adult. Further, if one succeeds in becoming an adult, earlier patch choice may affect the chances of capturing enough prey to produce a clutch of eggs, which will differ markedly in size and resultant lifetime fitness with adult success. Dr. Morse has carefully worked out the relationship between adult foraging success and lifetime fitness of the crab spider, making it a uniquely suitable species for studying the role of juvenile learning on adult fitness, a problem on which virtually no information exists. Dr. Morse will focus on two aspects of the role of experience: the effect of juvenile patch choice on immediately subsequent choices, and the effect of such juvenile experience on choices subsequently made as adults. Experiments will be run both in field enclosures and in laboratory settings, carefully controlling for prey type and spatial and temporal distribution of prey.

9317652莫尔斯 摘要 鸟类和哺乳动物学习如何以及在哪里找到食物，但大多数人会认为，像蜘蛛这样的无脊椎动物不会从经验中学习，它们的成年觅食行为完全是通过成熟来发展的。 莫尔斯博士将通过研究经验在蟹蛛（一种在花上坐等的捕食者）狩猎地点选择（“斑块选择”）发展过程中的作用来检验这一假设。 他之前的研究已经确定了成功选择幼年蜘蛛的重要性，因为这会影响蜘蛛成为成年蜘蛛的机会。 此外，如果一个成功地成为一个成年人，更早的补丁选择可能会影响捕获足够的猎物产生一窝鸡蛋，这将显着不同的大小和由此产生的终身健身与成人的成功机会。 莫尔斯博士仔细研究了蟹蛛成年期觅食成功率与其一生适应能力之间的关系，使其成为研究幼年期学习对成年期适应能力的作用的独特合适物种，而这一问题实际上没有任何信息存在。 莫尔斯博士将集中讨论经验的作用的两个方面：青少年的补丁选择对随后的选择的影响，以及这种青少年的经验对随后作为成年人所做的选择的影响。 实验将在野外围栏和实验室环境中进行，仔细控制猎物类型和猎物的时空分布。