DNA Polymorphism and Divergence of Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase in Five Species of Invertebrates

小行星9317949 在几种动物中，葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶（Gpi）在北方和南方位置之间具有等位基因频率的差异。 自然选择可能是这些地理模式的原因，一个等位基因在温暖的环境中受到青睐，另一个等位基因在凉爽的环境中受到青睐。 然而，很难排除对等位基因频率地理模式的其他解释，例如孤立群体中频率的随机漂移。 将对五种无脊椎动物的Gpi基因的DNA进行测序，并进行几项统计测试，以确定自然选择是否对影响该基因很重要。 这些数据还将有助于确定密切相关的物种之间的差异是由于自然选择，还是由于不受选择影响的随机突变的积累。 该项目的结果将解决自然种群遗传学中的两个基本问题：自然选择在确定物种内的基因频率方面有多重要，以及自然选择在确定物种之间的差异方面有多重要。 当在物种内部或物种之间观察到蛋白质和DNA序列的差异时，对于广泛的遗传研究来说，了解是否自然选择导致了变异，或者变异是否是由于不受选择影响的突变，这显然是非常重要的。 此外，该研究还可以提供生物种群适应不同环境的遗传和生化基础的见解。 这对于理解物种如何应对变化的环境，适应或灭绝，以及设计新的基因工程生物体都很重要。 R 不 " $ & ( * , . 0 2 4 6 8 : ! ! ! ! @ B D F H J L N P R 不 ! ! F L 不 不 ( Times New Roman 符号Arial G G G " H E C E C E K 7 水晶黑剪水晶黑剪

9317949 McDonald In several species of animals, the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (Gpi) has differences in allele frequency between northern and southern locations. Natural selection may be the cause of these geographic patterns, with one allele being favored in warm environments and another allele in cool environments. It has been difficult, however, to rule out other explanations for geographic patterns in allele frequency, such as random drift of frequencies in isolated populations. The DNA for the Gpi gene in five species of invertebrates will be sequenced, and several statistical tests will be done which can determine whether natural selection is important in affecting the gene. The data will also help determine whether the differences between closely related species are due to natural selection, or to the accumulation of random mutations that are not affected by selection. The results of the project will address two basic questions in the genetics of natural populations: how important natural selection is in determining gene frequencies within a species, and how important natural selection is in determining the differences between species. When differences are observed within or between species in protein and DNA sequences, it is of obvious importance for a wide range of genetic researches to understand whether natural selection has caused the variation, or whether the variation is due to mutations that are unaffected by selection. In addition, the research may provide insights into genetic and biochemical basis by which populations of organisms adapt to different environments. This is importa nt to understanding how species will respond to changing environments, adapting or going extinct, and in designing new genetically engineered organisms. R T " $ & ( * , . 0 2 4 6 8 : ! ! ! ! @ B D F H J L N P R T ! ! F L T T ( Times New Roman Symbol & Arial g g g " h E c e c e k 7 Crystal Blackshear Crystal Blackshear