A Hierarchic GIS for Studies of Process, Pattern and Scale in Arctic Ecosystems

用于研究北极生态系统过程、模式和规模的分层 GIS

• 批准号: 9318530
• 负责人: Donald Walker
• 金额: $ 76.58万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-06-15 至 1999-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9318530&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hierarchic; GIS; Studies; Process; Pattern

This component of the Arctic System Science (ARCSS) Land/Atmosphere/Ice Interactions (LAII) Flux Study research will (1) develop Geographic Information System (GIS) databases at five scales (1:10, 1:500, 1:5000, 1:25,000, and 1:250,000) and at five sites; (2) develop an understanding of the relationship between vegetation signals and key terrain parameters; and (3) develop a method to use remotely-sensed images and GIS variables to distinguish key vegetation parameters for spatial models of trace-gas fluxes. One task will be the development of methane and CO2 flux maps at multiple scales of the Toolik Lake-Imnavait Creek region, using; (1) an empirical approach based on field measurements of trace-gas fluxes in a hierarchy of vegetation types, and (2) a modeled approach using a variety of remotely sensed satellite data. Measurements of vegetation, biomass, soil, site, and spectral reflectance characteristics will be made at permanent study plots representing the majority of landscape variation. Trace-gas measurements by other investigators at the same sites and GIS databases will be used to extrapolate this information to landscape and regional scales. Permanently marked 1 x 1 km grids at the five study areas will be used as a sampling framework for much of this research (e.g. monitoring trends in species composition and canopy structure in relation to landscape variables and climate change) and other research within the project. Data from GIS databases will also be used by other investigators in hydrology models, terrain models of trace-gas fluxes, and algorithms to scale plot-level measurements to regional scales.

北极系统科学（ARCSS）陆地/大气/冰相互作用（LAII）通量研究的这一组成部分将（1）开发五个尺度的地理信息系统（GIS）数据库（1：10、1：500、1：5000、1：25，000和1：250，000）和五个地点;（2）了解植被信号与关键地形参数之间的关系;（3）发展了一种利用遥感图像和GIS变量来区分示踪气体通量空间模型中关键植被参数的方法。 其中一项任务是绘制图里克湖----Imnavait Creek地区多种尺度的甲烷和CO2通量图，使用：（1）一种基于实地测量植被类型层次中微量气体通量的经验方法，和（2）一种使用各种遥感卫星数据的模拟方法。 将在代表大部分景观变化的永久性研究地块上测量植被、生物量、土壤、场地和光谱反射特性。 将利用其他调查人员在同一地点进行的痕量气体测量和地理信息系统数据库，将这一信息外推到地貌和区域尺度。 在五个研究区域永久标记的1x 1公里网格将被用作本研究的大部分（例如监测物种组成和林冠结构与景观变量和气候变化的关系）和项目内其他研究的取样框架。来自地理信息系统数据库的数据也将被其他研究人员用于水文模型、痕量气体通量的地形模型以及将地块一级的测量按区域尺度进行缩放的算法。