GIS Based Exposure for Childhood Cancer Studies

基于 GIS 的儿童癌症研究暴露

• 批准号: 6398148
• 负责人: NANCY B SUSSMAN
• 金额: $ 7.01万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-30 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6398148
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); cancer risk; carcinogens; case history; child (0-11); environment related neoplasm /cancer; environmental exposure; geographic site; human data; information systems; mathematical model; model design /development; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; pediatric neoplasm /cancer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall objectives of the proposed research are (1) to refine models of potential exposures for use in environmental epidemiology that are derived from Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and (2) to assess the feasibility of application of the novel exposure indices to a case-control study of childhood cancers in the Southwestern Pennsylvania region. The proposed research will be accomplished under the following specific aims: (1) a GIS-based, index of potential exposure from hazardous sources will be refined for use in new and ongoing environmental epidemiology studies. The novel approach uses directionally-dependent wind rose frequencies and wind velocity in various combinations with toxic emission quantities, emission toxicities and frequencies to calculate an index of potential exposure from hazardous sources. (2) The potential exposure indices will be calculated for administrative regions (census tracts and blocks) in Southwestern Pennsylvania and compared with the indices calculated for iso-density population centers and randomly distributed regions. (3) Stand -alone algorithms will be created for use with GIS databases centered on other regions of interest identified using the GIS-based Atlas of Cancer. (4) A concurrent feasibility study for childhood cancer in a six-county region of Southwestern Pennsylvania will be performed. This portion of the study will determine the accessibility of relevant information for hospital-based cases and controls in the six-county region and develop the necessary mechanisms for mounting a full-scale case-control study using the novel potential exposure indices. The GIS-derived potential exposure indices derived in this research can be geographically referenced for use in GIS-based health studies in general and also directly linked with the coordinates of individual cases and controls in specific studies of disease. When the exposure estimates are coupled with geographically-reference health data, such as published in the Atlas of Cancer, this will crate an effective tool for (1) screening studies linking environmental exposures with disease and (2) providing a relative exposure measure for individuals in case-control studies of disease. Overall, the simplified potential exposure indices will improve both environmental epidemiological studies and the monitoring for purposes of disease control.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的总体目标 研究的目的是（1）完善潜在暴露的模型， 从地理信息中衍生的环境流行病学 系统（地理信息系统）和（2）评估新的应用的可行性 儿童癌症病例对照研究的暴露指数 宾夕法尼亚州西南部地区。所提出的研究将完成 根据以下具体目标：（1）基于地理信息系统的潜在风险指数 从危险源将被完善用于新的和正在进行的环境 流行病学研究。新方法使用方向依赖的风玫瑰图 频率和风速与有毒排放物的各种组合 数量、排放毒性和频率来计算 潜在的危险源暴露。(2)潜在暴露指数 将按行政区域（人口普查区和街区）计算， 宾夕法尼亚州西南部，并与计算的指数相比， 等密度的人口中心和随机分布的区域。(3)站 将创建单独的算法，用于以其他 使用基于GIS的癌症地图集确定感兴趣的区域。(4)一 同时可行性研究，儿童癌症在六个县的地区， 宾夕法尼亚州西南部将举行。本部分研究将 确定医院病例相关信息的可访问性 在六个县的地区和控制，并制定必要的机制， 使用新的潜在暴露进行全面的病例对照研究， 指数。本研究所得之潜在暴露指数， 一般来说，可以在地理上作为参考，用于基于GIS的健康研究 并与个案和对照组的坐标直接相连 在特定的疾病研究中。当暴露估计值与 地理参考健康数据，例如癌症地图集中发布的数据， 这将创造一个有效的工具（1）筛选研究， 环境暴露与疾病和（2）提供相对暴露 在疾病的病例对照研究中对个体进行测量。总体看 简化的潜在暴露指数将改善环境 流行病学研究和疾病控制监测。