Molecular Evolution of hobo Transposable Elements in Drosophila

果蝇流浪汉转座元件的分子进化

• 批准号: 9318823
• 负责人: Gail Simmons
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: CUNY City College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-01 至 1997-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9318823&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Evolution; hobo; Transposable; Elements

9318823 Simmons Transposable elements (TEs) are genetic sequences found in all organisms that can cause a wide variety of deleterious effects when they move from one chromosomal site to another. TEs can be transmitted both from parent to offspring (vertically) and from one host species to another (laterally), so that their behavior resembles that of a parasite. Dr. Simmons is interested in determining the pattern and relative frequency of such lateral transfer events to hobo, a transposable element in the insect genus Drosophila. Her previous published work showed that active hobo elements have been laterally transferred among four species within the Drosophila in the recent past. Recent work indicates, however, that hobo sequences in other Drosophila species may have been vertically transmitted. Dr. Simmons will perform a more complete analysis of lateral vs. vertical transmission of hobo in Drosophila by cloning and DNA-sequencing full-length copies of the element from several species Drosophila. The sequences will be used to construct a "family tree" for the hobo element in these species, and the resulting tree will be compared to a tree to be constructed for the host species. Places where the two trees have the same form will indicate species in which hobo has been vertically transmitted, while places where the two trees are not congruent indicate potential lateral transfer events. These studies will form the backbone of the efforts to understand the frequency of the mechanisms of lateral genetic transfer events occurring in all sorts of organisms.

9318823西蒙斯转座因子（TEs）是在所有生物体中发现的基因序列，当它们从一个染色体位点移动到另一个染色体位点时，会引起各种各样的有害影响。TEs可以从亲代（垂直）传播到后代，也可以从一个宿主物种传播到另一个宿主物种（横向），因此它们的行为类似于寄生虫。西蒙斯博士感兴趣的是确定这种侧向转移事件的模式和相对频率，hobo是昆虫属果蝇的转座因子。她之前发表的工作表明，活跃的流浪汉元素在最近的过去已经在果蝇的四个物种之间横向转移。然而，最近的研究表明，其他果蝇物种的流浪汉序列可能是垂直传播的。Simmons博士将对hobo在果蝇中的横向和纵向传播进行更完整的分析，方法是对来自几个果蝇物种的hobo基因进行克隆和dna测序。这些序列将用于构建这些物种中流浪汉元素的“家谱”，并将结果树与为宿主物种构建的树进行比较。两棵树形态相同的地方将表明流浪动物垂直传播的物种，而两棵树不一致的地方则表明潜在的横向转移事件。这些研究将成为了解各种生物体中发生的横向遗传转移事件的机制频率的基础。