Phonetic Structures of Endangered Languages

9319705拉德福格摘要随着说话者的消亡或被吸收到更大的社区中，许多语言的生存受到了威胁。很快，我们将不再知道这些语言听起来像什么，或者他们的演讲者使用了什么发音手势。它们的消失将导致未来语言研究数据的永久性丢失。按照之前研究中建立的模式，我们将调查从语言学角度来看重要的濒危语言。该项目的另一个主要方面是，它使用一套基本的语音测量方法，以量化的形式提供标准化的描述，旨在描述具体和通用的语音特征。将应已经从事适当语言研究的语言学家的邀请进行实地考察。在许多情况下，这样的语言学家缺乏足够的语音专业知识或现场经验来单独完成这项工作，但他们渴望合作制作良好的语音描述。主要的语音和语音模式将在专门准备的材料中识别和说明，同时还将提供说明协同发音和其他语音现象的补充材料。我们将制作音频和生理记录，包括气流机制和发音手势的时机的空气动力学记录，以及发音接触的腭部记录。录音将在加州大学洛杉矶分校的语音学实验室进行分析。将出版每种语言的完整图文并茂的描述，以便这些濒危语言所涉及的声音和发音手势的知识仍可供未来的研究人员使用，并可作为制定语音和音位共性理论的一部分。***

9319705 Ladefoged ABSTRACT The survival of many languages is endangered as the speakers die out or are absorbed into larger communities. Soon we will no longer know what these languages sounded like, or what articulatory gestures their speakers used. Their disappearance will result in permanent loss of data for future linguistic investigations. Following a pattern established during previous research we will investigate endangered languages that are important from the linguistic point of view. Another major aspect of this project is that it provides standardized descriptions in quantified form using a set of basic phonetic measures, designed to characterize both specific and universal phonetic features. Fieldwork will be conducted in response to invitations from linguists already working on appropriate languages. In many cases such linguists lack sufficient phonetic expertise or field experiences to do the job alone, but are eager to cooperate in producing a good phonetic description. The principal phonetic and phonological patterns will be identified and illustrated in specially prepared material, along with supplementary material illustrating coarticulatory and other phonetic phenomena. We will make both audio and physiological recordings including aerodynamic records for airstream mechanisms and the timing of articulatory gestures, and palatographic records for articulatory contacts. Audio recordings will be analyzed in the UCLA Phonetics Laboratory. Fully illustrated and documented accounts of each language will be published so that the knowledge of the sounds and articulatory gestures involved in these endangered languages will remain available for future researchers and can form part of the input to the formulation of theories of phonetic and phonological universals. ***