Closed-Form Angle Estimation with Circular Arrays/Apertures for Mobile/Cellular Communications and Surveillance Radar

用于移动/蜂窝通信和监视雷达的圆形阵列/孔径的闭式角度估计

• 批准号: 9320890
• 负责人: Michael Zoltowski
• 金额: $ 17.68万
• 依托单位: Purdue Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-02-15 至 1997-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9320890&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Closed; Form; Angle; Estimation; Circular

The digital communications industry is currently investing a plethora of resources towards the development and experimental verification of prototype antenna arrays to be deployed on mobile communication vehicles, including the commercial automobile of the future, as a means of discriminating amongst signals co-located in frequency based on their respective spatial locations. Given the small aperture on a mobile communications unit, the uniform circular array (UCA) geometry is ideal due to its rotational invariance with respect to azimuth. This research is based on a recent breakthrough by the principal investigator: the development of a simple, closed form algorithm for use in conjunction with a UCA that provides automatically paired source azimuth and elevation angle estimates. In contrast, the algorithms for 2D arrival-angle estimation to date have required expensive spectral searches, iterative solutions to multidimensional optimization problems, or ad-hoc schemes for pairing direction cosine estimates with respect to each of a number of different array axes. Note that UCA-ESPRIT is fundamentally different from ESPRIT in that it is not based on a displacement invariance array structure but rather is based on phase mode excitation and hinges on a recursive relationship between Bessel functions. A theoretical performance analysis of UCA-ESPRIT is being conducted. This will prove extremely useful for predicting its performance in a mobile communications environment. Novel strategies for incorporating mutual coupling effects are being developed as well. The real world performance of UCA-ESPRIT will be assessed with experimental data from a prototype circular antenna array currently being built at the Polytechnic University of Madrid for mobile sea communications with the INMARSAT satellite system. Adaptations of UCA-ESPRIT for filled circular arrays are also being developed.

数字通信行业目前正在投入大量资源，开发和实验验证将部署在移动通信车辆（包括未来的商用汽车）上的原型天线阵列，作为根据各自空间位置区分频率相同的信号的一种手段。考虑到移动通信单元上的小孔径，由于其相对于方位角的旋转不变性，均匀圆形阵列（UCA）几何形状是理想的。这项研究基于首席研究员最近的一项突破：开发了一种简单、封闭的算法，用于与UCA结合使用，该算法可以自动配对源方位角和仰角估计。相比之下，迄今为止的二维到达角估计算法需要昂贵的光谱搜索，多维优化问题的迭代解决方案，或者针对多个不同阵列轴的每一个配对方向余弦估计的特别方案。需要注意的是，UCA-ESPRIT与ESPRIT的本质区别在于，UCA-ESPRIT不是基于位移不变性阵列结构，而是基于相模激励，并依赖于贝塞尔函数之间的递归关系。对UCA-ESPRIT进行了理论性能分析。这对于预测其在移动通信环境中的性能非常有用。同时也在开发新的策略来结合相互耦合效应。UCA-ESPRIT的实际性能将根据目前正在马德里理工大学为与国际海事卫星组织卫星系统进行海上移动通信而建造的圆形天线阵原型的实验数据进行评估。UCA-ESPRIT对填充圆形阵列的适应性也在开发中。