Chemical and Isotopic Tracers on the U.S/Canada Arctic Ocean Section

美国/加拿大北冰洋剖面的化学和同位素示踪剂

• 批准号: 9400069
• 负责人: Lee Cooper
• 金额: $ 9.75万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-06-15 至 1997-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9400069&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemical; Isotopic; Tracers; U.S; Canada

9400069 Cooper Research supported by this grant is under the auspices of the Arctic Systems Science (ARCSS) Global Change Research Program and is jointly sponsored by the Division of Ocean Sciences and the Office of Polar Programs. The research will be centered around a unique and intensive, multidisciplinary research expedition to parts of the Arctic Ocean that have never been extensively studied. The 1994 U.S./Canada Arctic Ocean Section is a collaborative effort with Canada that will involve approximately 60 scientists on a Canadian and a U.S. icebreaker during summer 1994. NSF-funded projects will focus on hydrography, biology, paleo-, and sea-ice studies. Data collected will be amongst the first ever from several regions of the Arctic Ocean and will be highly relevant to improving our understanding of how the Arctic is an indicator of changing global climate conditions and how it affects the physical, chemical, and biological features of the more temperate oceans and regions. This work will identify trends in elemental and isotopic ratios of artificial radioactive contaminants particularly iodine-129, technetium, and several transuranics. Sources of these contaminants may be river-borne and associated with accidental releases or fuel re-processing activities, or marine in origin and associated with breached reactors, weapons, and/or disposed wastes. Although this work will contribute to on-going assessments of radionuclide contamination of the Arctic Ocean, the distributions of the radioisotopes chosen for study will also improve understanding of Arctic Ocean circulation and its hydrologic cycle, particularly the role of the major Siberian rivers in influencing physical, biological, and chemical mixing processes. The chemical behavior of the radioisotopes selected for study will permit a "fingerprint" identification of the provenance of contaminants due to the variability in isotope or elemental ratios in each potential source. The parallel use of other radioisotope, conservati ve tracer (delta^18O and delta D), and biologically modified tracer distributions (nutrients, dissolved oxygen, and by extension, NO and PO), will contribute to defining particle transport and water mixing mechanisms, in addition to describing the propagation patterns of contaminants. ***

9400069库珀研究由本赠款支持的北极系统科学（ARCSS）全球变化研究计划的主持下，由海洋科学司和极地计划办公室联合赞助。 该研究将围绕一个独特的和密集的，多学科的研究考察北冰洋的部分地区，从来没有被广泛研究。 1994年美国/加拿大北冰洋科是与加拿大的一项合作努力，将有大约60名科学家在1994年夏季乘坐一艘加拿大和一艘美国破冰船。 NSF资助的项目将侧重于水文学、生物学、古生物学和海冰研究。 收集的数据将是北冰洋几个地区有史以来的第一批数据，将有助于我们更好地了解北极如何成为全球气候变化的指标，以及它如何影响更温和的海洋和地区的物理，化学和生物特征。 这项工作将确定人工放射性污染物的元素和同位素比率的趋势，特别是碘-129，锝和几种超铀元素。 这些污染物的来源可能是河流，与事故释放或燃料再处理活动有关，或海洋来源，与破损的反应堆、武器和/或处置的废物有关。 虽然这项工作将有助于对北冰洋放射性核素污染的持续评估，但选择用于研究的放射性同位素的分布也将提高对北冰洋环流及其水文循环的了解，特别是西伯利亚主要河流在影响物理，生物和化学混合过程中的作用。 由于每个潜在来源的同位素或元素比率的变异性，选定用于研究的放射性同位素的化学行为将允许对污染物的来源进行“指纹”鉴定。 同时使用其他放射性同位素、保守示踪剂（δ ^18 O和δ D）和生物修饰示踪剂分布（营养物、溶解氧，以及延伸的NO和PO），除了描述污染物的传播模式外，还将有助于确定颗粒输运和水混合机制。 ***