Collaborative Research: Taking the Pulse of the Arctic Ocean - A US Contribution to the International Synoptic Arctic Survey

合作研究：把握北冰洋的脉搏——美国对国际北极天气调查的贡献

• 批准号: 2053101
• 负责人: Lee Cooper
• 金额: $ 86.62万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-15 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2053101&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Taking; Pulse; Arctic

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).The Arctic Ocean is being affected by major environmental changes, such as sea ice loss, driven by ongoing climate warming. However, since we have limited information on oceanic, biological, and chemical conditions there, it is challenging to predict future changes, to evaluate how much ecosystem change may already have occurred, or to know if these changes are occurring over the entire Arctic Ocean. International scientists are working together to develop the Synoptic Arctic Survey (SAS) program to address this challenge. SAS collaborators are sampling the physical, biological, and chemical status of the Arctic Ocean on multiple scientific expeditions. They are synthesizing these new measurements with existing data, and projecting future changes via modeling. This project is the core of a US contribution to the international SAS program, continuing US prominence in Arctic research, and focuses on the US Arctic near Alaska and in the Canadian Basin to the north. Multiple educational, training, and outreach activities are focusing on early career scientists, K-12 students, Indigenous peoples, undergraduate and graduate students, and local Alaskan coastal communities. Findings from the international effort will guide predictions and management of ecosystem resources that are essential to human communities, including local and Indigenous Arctic residents, and large-scale commercial fisheries and other economic activities.This project will quantify the current state of the physical, biological, and biogeochemical marine systems of the Canadian Basin during a multidisciplinary cruise in late summer to detect changes through comparisons with historical data, to quantify linkages between the adjacent shelves, slopes, and deep basins, and to provide a contemporary baseline against which future changes can be compared to detect responses to climate drivers. The SAS has organized around three major research areas: (1) physical drivers of importance to the ecosystem and carbon cycle, (2) the ecosystem response, and (3) the carbon cycle itself, linked with the overarching question: What is the present state and what are the major ongoing transformations of the Arctic marine system? This proposal poses specific, focused research questions under this overarching umbrella that will directly advance our basic understanding of this poorly understood region, while also providing observational and experimental data that will contribute to the broader SAS objectives. A Project Coordination Office will facilitate coordination of US project components with international research activities and will encourage and recruit additional US complementary proposals to join the project.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项的全部或部分资金根据《2021 年美国救援计划法案》（公法 117-2）提供。北冰洋正在受到重大环境变化的影响，例如持续气候变暖导致的海冰消失。然而，由于我们对那里的海洋、生物和化学条件的信息有限，因此预测未来的变化、评估可能已经发生了多少生态系统变化或了解这些变化是否正在整个北冰洋发生都是具有挑战性的。国际科学家正在共同开发北极综合调查（SAS）计划来应对这一挑战。 SAS 合作者正在多次科学考察中对北冰洋的物理、生物和化学状况进行采样。他们将这些新的测量结果与现有数据综合起来，并通过建模预测未来的变化。该项目是美国对国际 SAS 计划贡献的核心，延续了美国在北极研究领域的突出地位，并重点关注阿拉斯加附近的美国北极地区和北部的加拿大盆地。多项教育、培训和外展活动重点关注早期职业科学家、K-12 学生、原住民、本科生和研究生以及阿拉斯加当地沿海社区。 国际努力的结果将指导对人类社区（包括当地和土著北极居民）以及大规模商业渔业和其他经济活动至关重要的生态系统资源的预测和管理。该项目将在夏末的一次多学科巡航期间量化加拿大盆地物理、生物和生物地球化学海洋系统的当前状态，通过与历史数据比较来检测变化，量化不同区域之间的联系。 邻近的陆架、斜坡和深盆地，并提供一个当代基线，可以与未来的变化进行比较，以检测对气候驱动因素的反应。 SAS 围绕三个主要研究领域进行组织：(1) 对生态系统和碳循环具有重要意义的物理驱动因素，(2) 生态系统响应，以及 (3) 碳循环本身，并与首要问题相关：北极海洋系统的现状如何以及正在进行的主要转变是什么？该提案在这一总体框架下提出了具体的、有针对性的研究问题，将直接增进我们对这个知之甚少的区域的基本了解，同时还提供有助于实现更广泛的 SAS 目标的观测和实验数据。项目协调办公室将促进美国项目组成部分与国际研究活动的协调，并将鼓励和招募更多的美国补充提案加入该项目。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。