Research Initiation Award: Fundamental Investigations of Multiphasic Atmospheric Processes

研究启动奖：多相大气过程的基础研究

• 批准号: 9410374
• 负责人: Julie d'Itri
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-07-01 至 1997-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9410374&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Research; Initiation; Award; Fundamental; Investigations

ABSTRACT Julie d'Itri CTS-9410374 The objective of the project is to develop new environmental technology which will allow quantitative determination of mass transfer rates and chemical reaction kinetics of gas-aerosol atmospheric systems. An apparatus and methodology for measuring mass and chemical reactions rates in dispersed media will be developed. These rate data are essential to accurately estimating global atmospheric changes and the effect of pollutants on the environment. The system will be designed to allow determination of gas and aerosol compositions and precision control of the aerosol particle diameter and composition. The developed technology will be tested initially by examining the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfate, which is the major pathway in forming sulfuric acid rain. Mass transfer and chemical reaction rates will be measured and by kinetic modeling, rate and constants and rate expression will be established. The relative importance of O3-catalyzed versus non-catalyzed heterogeneous (on aerosol surfaces) oxidation of sulfur dioxide will be delineated. The research will lay a foundation for better understanding and quantificatio of the atmospheric reactions of sulfur containing species. A method to determine atmospheric reactions of whole families of chemicals, including nitrogen oxides and organics, in dispersed media will be established. ***

摘要Julie d 'Itri CTS-9410374 该项目的目标是开发新的环境技术，以便能够定量测定气体-气溶胶大气系统的传质速率和化学反应动力学。 将开发用于测量分散介质中的质量和化学反应速率的装置和方法。 这些速率数据对于准确估计全球大气变化和污染物对环境的影响至关重要。该系统的设计将允许确定气体和气溶胶的成分，并精确控制气溶胶颗粒的直径和成分。 这项技术的初步测试工作，是研究二氧化硫氧化成硫酸盐的过程，而硫酸盐是形成硫酸雨的主要途径。 将测量传质和化学反应速率，并通过动力学建模，速率和常数以及速率表达式将被建立。 O3催化与非催化的异质（气溶胶表面）氧化二氧化硫的相对重要性将被划定。 该研究为进一步了解和定量研究含硫物种的大气化学反应奠定了基础。 将建立一种方法，以确定整个家庭的化学品，包括氮氧化物和有机物，在分散介质中的大气反应。 ***