Fundamentals of Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of CFCs

CFC 催化加氢脱氯的基本原理

• 批准号: 9509580
• 负责人: Julie d'Itri
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: MPC Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-10-01 至 2000-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9509580&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Fundamentals; Catalytic; Hydrodechlorination; CFCs

ABSTRACT CTS-9509580 The objective of this effort is to relate the energetics of carbon-chlorine bond dissociation in hydrodechlorination to catalyst performance under industrially relevant conditions. This is a collaborative effort combining surface-science measurements of reaction kinetics on palladium (111), done at Carnegie Mellon University, with reaction studies at atmospheric pressure catalyzed by supported palladium particles, performed at the University of Pittsburgh. A common set of selectively fluorinated chloromethanes and chloroethanes serves to link the surface-science and catalytic investigations. Both studies measure heats of adsorption, apparent activation energies, intrinsic activation energies, and rate constants. Linear free-energy relationships are used to determine whether carbon-chlorine bond dissociation is homolytic or heterolytic, and predict the effects of modifiers. This is a study of the conversion of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into hydroflourocarbons (HFCs). The results are also applicable to the destruction of chlorocarbons at low temperature. Thus the study has direct impact both on the manufacture of refrigerants and blowing agents and on the environmental management of cleaning agents.

摘要CTS-9509580 这一努力的目的是在工业相关条件下，在加氢脱氯催化剂性能的碳-氯键离解的能量学。 这是一项合作努力，结合了卡内基梅隆大学对钯（111）反应动力学的表面科学测量，以及匹兹堡大学在大气压下通过负载钯颗粒催化的反应研究。 一组常见的选择性氟化氯甲烷和氯乙烷用于连接表面科学和催化研究。 这两项研究测量吸附热，表观活化能，固有活化能，和速率常数。 线性自由能关系用于确定碳-氯键解离是均裂还是异裂，并预测改性剂的影响。 这是一项将氯氟烃（CFCs）转化为氢氟碳化合物（HFCs）的研究。 研究结果也适用于低温下氯代烃的降解。 因此，这项研究对制冷剂和发泡剂的生产以及清洁剂的环境管理都有直接影响。