CAREER: Environmentally Benign Chemical Processing: A Theme for the Future of Chemical Engineering

中文摘要朱莉·迪特里 研究的重点是开发新的工艺，通过催化加氢脱氯将氯氟烃转化为对环境更友好的氢氟碳化合物。 所研究的初始模型是在各种材料负载的钯催化下的1，1-二氯乙烷的加氢脱氯。 重点放在阐明的因素，决定对1，1，1，2-二氯乙烷的选择性。 定量速率测量提供基本的动力学参数，如吸附热，活化能，和固有速率常数。 确定了金属颗粒尺寸、金属-载体相互作用和载体酸度对这些参数中的每一个的影响。 利用同位素瞬态实验和线性自由能关系研究了反应机理和过渡态。 该研究的结果对于销毁工业废物中的氯氟烃，控制CFC排放，以及生产环境耐受性更好的替代制冷剂、清洁剂、发泡剂和推进剂具有重要意义。 课程材料的形式都是课堂课程和实验室的实验是在本研究的同时开发。 学生在本科和研究生水平暴露的概念和目标的环境友好的化学加工。 其目的是灌输新的工程实践标准，包括对环境问题和需求的认识。

ABSTRACT Julie d'Itri The focus of the research is the development of new processes for conversion of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) to environmentally more benign hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by catalytic hydrodechlorination. The initial model under investigation is the hydrodechlorination of 1,1- dichlorotetrafluoroethane catalyzed by palladium supported on various materials. Emphasis is placed on elucidating the factors that dictate selectivity towards 1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane. Quantitative rate measurements provide fundamental kinetics parameters such as heat of adsorption, activation energy, and intrinsic rate constant. The influences of metal particle size, metal-support interactions, and support acidity on each of these parameters are determined. The mechanism and transition state are examined using isotopic transient experiments and linear free energy relationships. The results of this research are important for the destruction of chlorofluorocarbons in industrial wastes, for control of CFC emissions, and for the production of substitute refrigerants, cleaning agents, blowing agents, and propellants that are more tolerable environmentally. Curricular materials in the forms of both classroom courses and laboratory experiments are developed in tandem with this research. Students at both undergraduate and graduate levels are exposed the concepts and goals of environmentally benign chemical processing. The intent is to instill new standards of engineering practice that include recognition of environmental concerns and needs.