RIA: Efficient Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging with A Priori Constraints

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As functional MRI provides a new way to study human brain functions, it becomes increasingly important to improve the temporal resolution of the experiments so that rapid transient neuronal events can be captured. In conventional Fourier transform-based imaging methods, each of the dynamic images is acquired independently so that the temporal resolution possible is limited by the number of data points collected in Fourier space to achieve a certain level of spatial resolution. This research seeks to overcome this problem by incorporating a priori information into the imaging process. Specifically, new optimal methods for data acquisition and image reconstruction are being developed that exploit both the underlying model for the signal as well as the available a priori information about both the object being imaged and the dynamic changes. These methods promise to give more that an order of magnitude of improvement in imaging efficiency over the traditional Fourier imaging methods, and should find application in a variety of dynamic imaging problems, particularly in real-time imaging of functional brain activities.