Monitoring Dangers in an Uncertain World
监控不确定世界中的危险
基本信息
- 批准号:9410749
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 13.16万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:1994
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:1994-09-01 至 2000-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This project is a study of how organizations collect information about and learn from near accidents, events which under slightly different circumstances could have resulted in an accident. Organizations monitor these potential dangers to learn how to cope with dangers, i.e., low probability, high negative consequence events. In this research, a comparison is made to how near accident monitoring systems operate in the medical device, nuclear power, space shuttle, and air transportation industries. Specifically, the research is based on an analysis of interviews with key participants in a variety of safety information systems, and reports generated within previous studies in the air transportation industry. The proposed research draws on and seeks to contribute to the study of risk management, information processing, and organizational learning. Additionally, it has broader implications for organizational management of other areas of risky events, such as the extreme weather events that may become more frequent or unpredictable under global environmental change. The purpose of the projects is to identify factors which constrain (or enhance) the organizational capacity to collect information about and learn from near accidents (or near disasters). The focus is on three main research questions: 1) How does the organization of safety information systems affect the volume (e.g., reliability) and contents (e.g., validity) of information collected and the organizational capacity to learn from near accident information? 2) To what extent do attention-related factors affect the volume of near accident reporting over time? and 3) How do organizations learn from near accidents? Specific research questions are developed for each of these main research questions. To illustrate, the first research question includes a discussion of the definition and interpretation of near accidents in which the dimensions of vulnerability vs. robustness, learning vs. controlling behavior, and ambiguous vs. clearly -defined definitions are considered. The research will help address such policy questions as: If an organization collects information for purposes of controlling behavior, does it lessen the amount of near accident reporting and increase the self-interested bias that distorts accounts of potential dangers?
该项目研究组织如何收集有关事故的信息并从中学习,这些事故在稍微不同的情况下可能导致事故。 组织监测这些潜在的危险,以了解如何科普危险,即,低概率高负面后果的事件 在这项研究中,比较了近事故监测系统在医疗设备,核电,航天飞机和航空运输行业的运作。 具体来说,这项研究是基于对各种安全信息系统的主要参与者的访谈分析,以及航空运输业以前的研究中生成的报告。 拟议的研究借鉴并寻求有助于风险管理,信息处理和组织学习的研究。 此外,它对其他风险事件领域的组织管理具有更广泛的影响,例如在全球环境变化下可能变得更加频繁或不可预测的极端天气事件。 这些项目的目的是查明限制(或加强)组织能力的因素,以收集关于即将发生的事故(或即将发生的灾害)的信息并从中吸取教训。 重点是三个主要的研究问题:1)安全信息系统的组织如何影响体积(例如,可靠性)和内容(例如,收集的信息的有效性和从近事故信息中学习的组织能力?2)随着时间的推移,与注意力相关的因素在多大程度上影响了近事故报告的数量?3)组织如何从未遂事故中吸取教训? 针对这些主要研究问题中的每一个都制定了具体的研究问题。为了说明,第一个研究问题包括对未遂事故的定义和解释的讨论,其中考虑了脆弱性与鲁棒性、学习与控制行为以及模糊与明确定义的维度。 这项研究将有助于解决这样的政策问题:如果一个组织收集信息的目的是控制行为,它是否减少了近事故报告的数量,并增加了自利偏见,扭曲了潜在危险的帐户?
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}
Michal Tamuz其他文献
Michal Tamuz的其他文献
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
{{ truncateString('Michal Tamuz', 18)}}的其他基金
Monitoring Dangers in An Uncertain World: A Study of Information-Processing and Organizational Learning -- ROW Planning Grant
监测不确定世界中的危险:信息处理和组织学习研究——ROW Planning Grant
- 批准号:
9009792 - 财政年份:1990
- 资助金额:
$ 13.16万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
相似海外基金
Dangers in Outer Space: Security Governance and the Role of the Private Space Industry
外层空间的危险:安全治理和私营航天工业的作用
- 批准号:
2700675 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 13.16万 - 项目类别:
Studentship
The Dangers of Defining Sex Work: Inclusion or Exclusion?
定义性工作的危险:包容还是排斥?
- 批准号:
2430699 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 13.16万 - 项目类别:
Studentship
Using visual science to reduce the dangers of night driving
利用视觉科学减少夜间驾驶的危险
- 批准号:
DP190103141 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 13.16万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Projects
Study on factor premia of asset prices in consideration of the dangers of data-mining
考虑数据挖掘危险性的资产价格要素溢价研究
- 批准号:
18K01691 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 13.16万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
The Horror Film and the Family: Evolving Dangers in post-war Britain 1950-1979
恐怖电影与家庭:1950-1979 年战后英国不断演变的危险
- 批准号:
2113174 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 13.16万 - 项目类别:
Studentship
"The dangers of lying in bed": How do sedentary behaviours impact the health of hospitalized patients and how can we reduce them?
《躺在床上的危险》:久坐行为如何影响住院患者的健康以及如何减少?
- 批准号:
273483 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 13.16万 - 项目类别:
Fellowship Programs
Living With the Dangers of Sudden Environmental Change
生活在环境突然变化的危险之中
- 批准号:
1034880 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 13.16万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Evalulation of the dangers of pressure at the patient cushion interface during spine surgery
评估脊柱手术期间患者坐垫界面处的压力危险
- 批准号:
399009-2010 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 13.16万 - 项目类别:
University Undergraduate Student Research Awards
Education on the Dangers of Secondhand Smoke: New Treatment for Nondaily Smokers
关于二手烟危害的教育:非日常吸烟者的新治疗方法
- 批准号:
7750059 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 13.16万 - 项目类别:
Security cloths for detecting potential dangers with bendable ultra compact compound-eye image sensors
使用可弯曲超紧凑复眼图像传感器检测潜在危险的安全布
- 批准号:
20760223 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 13.16万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)