RUI: The Chemistry of Atmospheric Peroxides

RUI：大气过氧化物的化学

• 批准号: 9414108
• 负责人: Judith Weinstein-Lloyd
• 金额: $ 17.19万
• 依托单位: SUNY College at Old Westbury
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-04-01 至 1999-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9414108&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Chemistry; Atmospheric; Peroxides

Inorganic and organic peroxides are detected in the atmosphere and in rain, snow and fog, and there is evidence that their concentration has been increasing. Peroxides interfere with normal plant growth, and play an important role in the conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid in cloud water. Photochemical air pollution involves a complex set of chemical reactions initiated by sunlight-generated free radicals. These reactions both consume and generate peroxides, and are the subject of active research aimed at developing effective pollution control strategies. Hydrogen peroxide concentration increases with solar intensity, but diurnal profiles of organic peroxides suggest an alternative source, possibly involving ozone and biogenic hydrocarbons. This research will involve laboratory and field studies aimed at a better understanding of peroxide occurrence and chemistry. The project scientists will develop the ability to detect trace concentrations of individual peroxides using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, and study the rate at which individual peroxides deposit to grasslands and forest canopies. Undergraduate chemistry majors at a small four-year college will participate in all aspects of this Research in Undergraduate Institutions (RUI) project.

在大气层以及雨、雪和雾中检测到无机和有机过氧化物，有证据表明其浓度一直在增加。 过氧化物干扰植物的正常生长，并在云水中二氧化硫转化为硫酸的过程中发挥重要作用。 光化学空气污染涉及由阳光产生的自由基引发的一系列复杂的化学反应。 这些反应既消耗又产生过氧化物，并且是旨在开发有效的污染控制策略的积极研究的主题。 过氧化氢浓度随太阳强度的增加，但昼夜配置文件的有机过氧化物建议的替代来源，可能涉及臭氧和生物烃。 这项研究将涉及旨在更好地了解过氧化物发生和化学的实验室和实地研究。 该项目的科学家们将开发使用带荧光检测的高效液相色谱法检测单个过氧化物的痕量浓度的能力，并研究单个过氧化物存款到草原和森林冠层的速度。 在一个小的四年制大学的本科化学专业将参与在本科院校（RUI）项目研究的各个方面。