Processes Affecting Material Transport to the Oceans from Arctic-Subarctic Watershed, from Direct Groundwater Discharge and through Lagoonal Systems

影响从北极-亚北极分水岭、直接地下水排放和通过泻湖系统向海洋输送物质的过程

• 批准号: 9415789
• 负责人: Herbert Windom
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-11-15 至 1998-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9415789&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Processes; Affecting; Material; Transport; Oceans

9415789 WINDOM Processes affecting material transport to the oceans from Arctic- Subarctic Watersheds, from direct groundwater discharge and through Lagoon Systems A number of gaps exist in the understanding of biogeochemical processes associated with the transport of material across the land-sea boundary. Among these gaps are lack of data on: 1) small watersheds of different morphoclimatic zones and their ability/efficiency, relative to larger watersheds, to transport materials to the oceans, 2) transport of material through lagoonal estuarine systems, the mixing rates of which are slow and the mixing zones large, and 3) inputs of material to coastal waters in groundwater. Research is proposed to address these gaps through investigations on three types of under-studied systems with the following objectives: A) To obtain a better understanding of products resulting from arctic-subarctic weathering, the fate of these materials (primary trace elements) in the freshwater-seawater mixing zone and relative contribution of fluxes to the ocean from smaller rivers of this morphoclimatic zone. These studies will be carried out in the Anadyr river-estuary system in Northeastern Russia. B) To identify the major biogeochemical interactions that control trace element fluxes through a lagoonal estuary, taking advantage of the slow mixing rate/long residence times of materials in such systems to obtain better resolution of solute-master variable relationships during mixing in the low salinity region. The Patos Lagoons, in Southern Brazil will provide the field site for these investigators. C) To determine the composition and concentrations of subterranean weathering products associated with the Floridan Aquifer and to investigate biogeochemical processes that influence the fate of trace elements upon entering the marine environment. Freshwater springs, which discharge directly into coastal waters of the West Florida shelf, and the adjacent coastal waters will pr ovide the site for these studies.

9415789影响从北极-次北极区分水岭、地下水直接排放和通过泻湖系统向海洋的物质运输的WINDOM过程在理解与跨越陆地-海洋边界的物质运输有关的生物地球化学过程方面存在一些空白。在这些差距中，缺少以下方面的数据：1)不同地貌气候区的小流域及其相对于较大流域向海洋输送物质的能力/效率；2)通过泻湖河口系统输送物质，其混合速度慢，混合区大；3)地下水向沿海水域输入物质。建议通过对三种未充分研究的系统进行研究来弥补这些差距，目的如下：a)更好地了解北极-亚北极风化产物、这些物质(主要微量元素)在淡水-海水混合带中的去向以及这一地形气候带较小河流向海洋的通量的相对贡献。这些研究将在俄罗斯东北部的阿纳迪尔河-河口系统进行。B)确定控制通过泻湖河口的微量元素通量的主要生物地球化学相互作用，利用这类系统中物质混合速度慢/停留时间长的优点，更好地解决低盐度地区混合过程中的溶质-主变量关系。巴西南部的帕托斯泻湖将为这些调查人员提供实地考察地点。C)确定与弗洛里丹含水层有关的地下风化产物的组成和浓度，并调查影响进入海洋环境的微量元素去向的生物地球化学过程。淡水泉水直接排放到西佛罗里达大陆架的沿海水域和邻近的沿海水域，将为这些研究提供场地。