Mammalian Respiratory-Locomotor Integration

哺乳动物呼吸运动整合

• 批准号: 9419077
• 负责人: Farish Jenkins
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-08-15 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9419077&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mammalian; Respiratory; Locomotor; Integration

9419077 Jenkins The project will investigate the complex interactions between forces that result from locomotor activity and the mechanics of the respiratory system in mammals. Traditionally, mammalian locomotion and respiratory physiology have been studied as discretely different phenomena, but recently acquired evidence supports the view that the chest of mammals has evolved to integrate these activities, both structurally and functionally, in a manner that previously has not been understood. Bramble and Jenkins (Science, 262:235-240) demonstrated that inertial displacements of the abdominal viscera in trotting dogs passively drive the diaphragm independent of diaphragmatic contractions, which primarily serve to modulate visceral motion. Visceral displacements and the loading of the anterior chest walls by the forelimbs are among the factors producing asynchronous ventilation of the lungs and the recycling of air between their lobes. The present project is designed to further explore these complex interactions, specifically by documenting (in several mammalian species that exhibit different locomotor styles) the interrelationships of visceral and diaphragmatic kinematics induced by different gaits and speeds, the activity of the primary respiratory muscles, and the ventilation patterns within the lungs. The resultant data still substantially contribute to a better understanding of the functional design of the mammalian respiratory system. ***

9419077 Jenkins 该项目将研究哺乳动物运动活动产生的力与呼吸系统力学之间复杂的相互作用。 传统上，哺乳动物的运动和呼吸生理学一直被作为不同的现象来研究，但最近获得的证据支持这样的观点，即哺乳动物的胸部已经进化到在结构和功能上以一种以前未被理解的方式整合这些活动。 Bramble 和 Jenkins（《科学》，262：235-240）证明，小跑的狗腹部内脏的惯性位移被动地驱动膈肌，独立于膈肌收缩，而膈肌收缩主要用于调节内脏运动。 内脏移位和前肢对前胸壁的负荷是产生肺部异步通气和肺叶之间空气循环的因素之一。 本项目旨在进一步探索这些复杂的相互作用，特别是通过记录（在几种表现出不同运动风格的哺乳动物物种中）由不同步态和速度引起的内脏和膈肌运动学的相互关系、主要呼吸肌的活动以及肺内的通气模式。 由此产生的数据仍然大大有助于更好地理解哺乳动物呼吸系统的功能设计。 ***