RUI: Gill Na+/H+ Exchange in Marine Fish

RUI：海水鱼中的鳃 Na /H 交换

• 批准号: 9419849
• 负责人: James Claiborne
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: Georgia Southern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-04-01 至 1998-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9419849&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Gill; Na+; H+; Exchange

9419849 Claiborne The long range goal of this project is to understand how marine fish are able to use their gills to accomplish many of the same tasks that are performed by the kidneys in mammals. The fish gill is a multi-purpose organ. Analogous to the lungs in land-dwelling animals, the gills allow the fish to breath oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide. Further, the gills perform functions of the liver and kidneys as they eliminate toxic metabolic waste products like ammonia and acid. Also analogous to the kidneys, the gills assist the fish by regulating the levels of salts within the blood of the animal. Little is known about the actual cellular mechanisms which take place within the gill tissue. Dr. Claiborne has hypothesized that some saltwater fish may take in salt (sodium) from the surrounding water to excrete excess acid from within the body. The species which have this ability may then be able to live in a wider range of salt water environments, from the open ocean, to dilute estuaries. This proposal will study these gill mechanisms in two different species of marine fish, the sculpin, and the toadfish. His preliminary findings suggest that the sculpin may not be able to excrete sufficient acid when external salt levels are too low. In contrast, the toadfish can regulate acid levels in a wide range of saltwater concentrations. Thus, by comparing the acid excretion mechanisms in these two species, it will be shown whether the gills play a role in determining the environmental salinity range in which a fish species can live. Further, since these cellular mechanisms within the gills are very similar to those currently being studied in the mammalian kidney, new insights into the physiology of the kidney and other organs may also be elucidated. ***

9419849克莱伯恩这个项目的长期目标是了解海鱼如何能够利用它们的鳃完成许多与哺乳动物肾脏相同的任务。鱼鳃是一种多功能器官。类似于陆栖动物的肺，鳃允许鱼呼吸氧气和排泄二氧化碳。此外，当它们排出有毒的代谢废物，如氨和酸时，鳃还发挥着肝脏和肾脏的功能。同样类似于肾脏，鳃通过调节动物血液中的盐分水平来帮助鱼类。对发生在鳃组织内的实际细胞机制知之甚少。克莱本博士曾假设，一些咸水鱼可能会从周围的水中摄取盐(钠)，以从体内排泄过量的酸。然后，具有这种能力的物种可能能够生活在更广泛的咸水环境中，从开阔的海洋到冲淡河口。这项建议将研究两种不同种类的海鱼--角叉鱼和蟾鱼--的鳃机制。他的初步发现表明，当外部盐分水平太低时，卡宾可能无法排泄足够的酸。相比之下，蟾鱼可以在很大范围的咸水浓度下调节酸度。因此，通过比较这两个物种的排酸机制，将表明鳃是否在决定一个鱼类物种可以生存的环境盐度范围中发挥作用。此外，由于鳃内的这些细胞机制与目前在哺乳动物肾脏中研究的非常相似，因此也可能阐明对肾脏和其他器官的生理学的新见解。***