Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Role of Water Markets in Helping California Meet Its Future Water Needs: A Comparative Analysis

博士论文研究：水市场在帮助加州满足未来用水需求方面的作用：比较分析

• 批准号: 9422483
• 负责人: John Holdren
• 金额: $ 0.17万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-02-01 至 1996-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9422483&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Role; Water

9422483 Holdren This research examines California's new water transfer institutions using the tools of Transfer Cost Economics (TCE). To cope with impending water shortages, California has adopted numerous legal reforms aimed at creating a Water Market: an institutional mechanism to facilitate the transfer of water rights from agricultural to urban and environmental uses. In spite of continuing reforms, few long-range inter-regional water transfers have occurred. These few actual transactions will be the focus of examination: the parties, their interests, conflicts, and resolutions during negotiation and execution of transfer agreements, and the changing institutional milieu. Practical results will include what urban water districts and environmental interests can reasonably expect from the best feasible water market program. Theoretical results will include a discussion of TCE as an alternative or complementary paradigm for understanding the relationship between resource scarcity and market mechanisms. This proposal seeks funding for four trips to agricultural and urban water districts which have successfully transferred water. Critical details of transactions are found in actual participants files and recollections. Onsite interviews will provide the evidence with which to test the predictions of TCE related to water markets. %%% The historic approach to meeting new water demand in arid California has been a technical one: federal, state, and local agencies augmented natural river flows by building dams, reservoirs, aqueducts, and groundwater wells. For a host of economic, environmental, technical, and political reasons, additional surface water development is not expected to provide significant new resources for future needs. Market-based reforms which promote efficient use of existing resources have been offered as a primary alternative to new construction in meeting the projected additional demand for water that will be faced by 2020. Scholars, interest groups, policy make rs, and politicians have hailed water markets as a significant and positive future force in California water allocation decisions. But in spite of this fanfare, only three or four longterm, interegional water transfers have been concluded in California. Thus there appears to be a discontinuity between expectation/perceived performance and actual performance. Failure of the water markets strategy will have serious consequences for future water supply strategies. This research addresses the reasons for this discontinuity and the utility of water markets through an examination of the California water market agreements. It uses the insights of Transaction Cost Economics analyze the water markets strategy. ***

9422483 Holdren 这项研究利用转移成本经济学 (TCE) 工具检验了加州新的水转移机构。 为了应对即将到来的水资源短缺，加州采取了多项法律改革，旨在创建水市场：一种促进水权从农业向城市和环境用途转移的体制机制。 尽管改革不断进行，但跨地区的远程调水却很少发生。 这几笔实际交易将成为审查的重点：转让协议谈判和执行过程中的当事人、利益、冲突和解决方案，以及不断变化的制度环境。 实际结果将包括城市水区和环境利益可以合理地期望从最佳可行的水市场计划中获得什么。 理论结果将包括对 TCE 作为理解资源稀缺与市场机制之间关系的替代或补充范式的讨论。 该提案为四次前往已成功调水的农业和城市水区寻求资金。 交易的关键细节可以在实际参与者的文件和回忆中找到。 现场访谈将提供检验 TCE 对水市场相关预测的证据。 %%% 满足干旱加利福尼亚州新水需求的历史方法是一种技术方法：联邦、州和地方机构通过修建水坝、水库、渡槽和地下水井来增加自然河流流量。 由于一系列经济、环境、技术和政治原因，额外的地表水开发预计不会为未来需求提供大量新资源。 促进有效利用现有资源的基于市场的改革已成为新建工程的主要替代方案，以满足预计到 2020 年将面临的额外用水需求。学者、利益集团、政策制定者和政治家都称赞水市场是加州水分配决策中重要且积极的未来力量。 但尽管如此大张旗鼓，加利福尼亚州只完成了三到四次长期的跨地区调水。 因此，期望/感知的表现与实际表现之间似乎存在不连续性。 水市场战略的失败将对未来的供水战略产生严重后果。 本研究通过对加州水市场协议的审查，探讨了这种不连续性的原因以及水市场的效用。 它利用交易成本经济学的见解来分析水市场策略。 ***