Environment, Health, And Safety In Poland: Confronting The Transition To Democracy And A Free Market Economy

促进经济增长，同时避免对健康和环境造成损害，既关系到新兴民主国家，也关系到成熟民主国家。这项为期两年的合作研究将检验并进一步发展一种假设，即波兰向民主和自由市场经济的过渡具有结构性特征，从长远来看，这些特征可能会削弱环境、健康和安全(EH和S)的利益。它有三个主要目标。一是找出满足波兰EH&A；S担忧的主要障碍。这些障碍植根于对与经济增长、改善社会福利、公民社会发展等相关的其他国家价值观的追求。第二是确定监管方法，以帮助在当前社会转型期间及以后保护EH&S的利益。最后一个目标是在重大社会转型的背景下，对S的工业企业环境卫生管理理论做出贡献。研究方法包括对新的和私有化的工业制造设施许可过程的实证案例分析。将通过(I)分析与工业设施许可有关的政策、程序和机构使命，以及(Ii)分析在向四个设施发放许可证的过程中执行官方政策的具体过程。设施许可的启发式模式指导以学院为基础的实地工作。数据收集包括访谈、查阅相关文件、对EH&S绩效指标的分析以及实地考察期间的观察。这项研究将撰写有助于决策者协调增长与环境保护的文章和其他出版物和演示文稿。它将有助于对正在经历巨大变革的社会的适应性和缓解能力进行越来越多的研究，并为环境危害管理的国际比较研究产生数据。

Facilitating economic growth while avoiding damage to health and the environment concerns both emerging and mature democracies. This collaborative two-year study will test and further develop the hypothesis that the transition to democracy and free market economy in Poland has structural characteristics that can in the long run deemphasize the environment, health and safety (EH&S) interests. It has three main objectives. One is to identify major barriers to satisfying the EH&S concerns in Poland. These barriers are grounded in the pursuit of other national values related to economic growth, improved social welfare, development of civic society, and so on. The second is to identify regulatory approaches that can assist in protecting EH&S interests during the current societal transition and beyond. A final objective is to contribute to theory of industrial EH&S management in the context of major societal transitions. The research approach consists of empirical case analysis of the process of licensing of new and privatized industrial manufacturing facilities. It will be approached by (i) analysis of the policies, procedures and institutional missions in relation to permitting industrial facilities, and (ii) analysis of the specific process of implementation of official policies in the course of licensing four facilities. A heuristic model of facility licensing guides the faculity-based field work. Data collection includes interviews, review of relevant documents, analysis of EH&S performance indications, and observations during site visits. This research will produce articles and other publications and presentations that will assist decisionmakers in reconciling growth and environmental protection. It will contribute to the growing body of research on the adaptability and mitigative capacity of societies undergoing dramatic change, and generate data for international comparative studies of environmental hazard management.