Environment, Health, And Safety In Poland: Confronting The Transition To Democracy And A Free Market Economy

波兰的环境、健康和安全：面对民主和自由市场经济的转型

• 批准号: 9422653
• 负责人: Halina Brown
• 金额: $ 22.47万
• 依托单位: Clark University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-04-15 至 1999-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9422653&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Environment; Health; Safety; Poland; Confronting

Facilitating economic growth while avoiding damage to health and the environment concerns both emerging and mature democracies. This collaborative two-year study will test and further develop the hypothesis that the transition to democracy and free market economy in Poland has structural characteristics that can in the long run deemphasize the environment, health and safety (EH&S) interests. It has three main objectives. One is to identify major barriers to satisfying the EH&S concerns in Poland. These barriers are grounded in the pursuit of other national values related to economic growth, improved social welfare, development of civic society, and so on. The second is to identify regulatory approaches that can assist in protecting EH&S interests during the current societal transition and beyond. A final objective is to contribute to theory of industrial EH&S management in the context of major societal transitions. The research approach consists of empirical case analysis of the process of licensing of new and privatized industrial manufacturing facilities. It will be approached by (i) analysis of the policies, procedures and institutional missions in relation to permitting industrial facilities, and (ii) analysis of the specific process of implementation of official policies in the course of licensing four facilities. A heuristic model of facility licensing guides the faculity-based field work. Data collection includes interviews, review of relevant documents, analysis of EH&S performance indications, and observations during site visits. This research will produce articles and other publications and presentations that will assist decisionmakers in reconciling growth and environmental protection. It will contribute to the growing body of research on the adaptability and mitigative capacity of societies undergoing dramatic change, and generate data for international comparative studies of environmental hazard management.

在促进经济增长的同时避免损害健康和环境，这是新兴民主国家和成熟民主国家都关心的问题。 这项为期两年的合作研究将测试和进一步发展的假设，即过渡到民主和自由市场经济在波兰的结构特征，可以在长期内不强调环境，健康和安全（EH S）的利益。 它有三个主要目标。 一个是确定满足波兰EH S问题的主要障碍。 这些障碍的基础是追求与经济增长、改善社会福利、发展公民社会等相关的其他国家价值观。第二个障碍是确定可在当前社会转型期间及以后帮助保护EH S利益的监管方法。 最终目标是在重大社会转型的背景下，为工业EH S管理理论做出贡献。 研究方法包括实证案例分析的过程中，新的和私有化的工业制造设施的许可证。 它将通过以下方式进行：（一）分析与工业设施许可证有关的政策、程序和机构任务;（二）分析在四个设施许可证颁发过程中执行官方政策的具体过程。 一个启发式的设施许可模式指导教师为基础的实地工作。 数据收集包括访谈、相关文件审查、EH S绩效指标分析以及现场访问期间的观察。 这项研究将产生的文章和其他出版物和演示文稿，将有助于决策者在协调增长和环境保护。 它将有助于对正在经历巨大变化的社会的适应性和缓解能力进行越来越多的研究，并为环境危害管理的国际比较研究提供数据。